What is an albino? Detailed answer

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What is an albino? Detailed answer

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What is an albino?

Albinos are people completely devoid of pigments, or dyes. All races have a certain amount of pigment, although some members of the white race (especially Scandinavians) have a very small amount of dyes in the body. What is the source of human pigmentation or coloration? Certain substances in the body interact with each other. These are substances such as chromogens and some enzymes. When enzymes act on chromogens, which are the basis of colors, pigmentation appears.

If a person lacks these substances in the body, then there is no pigmentation, and he is what we call an albino. This word comes from a Latin root meaning "white". Albino has pink eyes, which is due to the fact that blood circulates in the retina of the eye. Albino eyes are very sensitive to light. Therefore, such a person constantly squints and blinks. Albino hair is white all over the body. Even the internal tissues, including the brain and spinal cord, are white. By the way, a similar phenomenon can be found not only in humans, but also among plants and all kinds of animals.

You can even meet albino birds, and there is not a single human race in which albinos would not be found. It is believed that albinism can be inherited, that is, albino people can pass this property on to their children. Perhaps the best-known albinos to us are white mice, rats, and rabbits. But someone even saw albino squirrels and albino giraffes.

Author: Likum A.

Random interesting fact from the Great Encyclopedia:

Why is speed at sea measured in knots?

When the first ships began to sail on the sea, navigators could not determine their position on the high seas with great accuracy. Then they learned to determine the longitude and latitude of the place where the ship is located. Latitude is the distance north and south of the equator.

Longitude is the distance west or east of zero degrees. The zero degree of longitude is the longitude at which the observatory in Greenwich, England is located. To determine longitude, ancient sailors calculated how far they sailed in a given amount of time.

To do this, they used a special device - "lag". It was an ordinary log to which a rope was tied. The lag was thrown overboard from the stern of the ship, and they waited for the rope to stretch. At regular intervals, knots were tied along the entire length of the rope. The sailor, lowering the rope, counted how many knots passed through his hands in a certain time. This is how the speed of the ship was calculated. Sailors began to use the word "knot" to refer to the speed of a ship.

Today, a knot is equal to one nautical mile per hour, and a nautical mile is 1852 meters - a little more than a statute mile. Suppose a ship is sailing at a speed of 15 knots. This means that it is sailing at a speed of 15 nautical miles per hour (or 28 kilometers) per hour. Logs are still used to determine the speed of a sailing ship. But today's logs are special metal turntables with flat blades. The ship sails on the waves, the spinner spins and sets in motion a mechanism that shows the actual speed of the ship.

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Nokia Smart Cars 07.05.2014

The Finnish company Nokia Oyj intends to invest in the development of technologies for the creation of "smart" cars.

Investments of up to $100 million will be used to develop the company's business of developing digital maps. Financing will be provided through a specially created fund, which will be managed by the venture division of Nokia Growth Partners.

Nokia, after selling its mobile phone division to Microsoft for $7,5 billion, is actively reforming its business. Now the company's main income comes from the production of equipment for wireless communications, but management plans to strengthen the company's position in the segment of mapping services, which is led by Google.

“Now there is a wave of innovation in the automotive ecosystem, through the combination of mobile technologies and the Internet,” said Paul Azel, Nokia Growth Partner. “The car is becoming a kind of platform, as it was when phones turned into smartphones and then around them. applications and services began to appear.

Nokia began to develop its own mapping service with the acquisition of the American Navteq Corp. in 2008 for $8,1 billion, then the company bought the developer of 3D technologies for digital maps Earthmine Inc. in 2012 Nokia Maps is used by companies such as Amazon.com, Microsoft and Yahoo! and installed in 4 out of 5 car navigation systems.

Navigation systems are increasingly being used by car manufacturers, including for receiving real-time information about traffic congestion and for making automatic calls to emergency services in the event of an accident. In addition, a number of companies, including Google, Tesla, BMW and Toyota, are developing self-driving cars. General Motors has announced plans to build such cars by 2020.

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