Who are the Incas? Detailed answer

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Who are the Incas? Detailed answer

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Who are the Incas?

At least 400 years before the discovery of America by Columbus, the Inca civilization existed there. The lands where the Incas lived included the territories of such modern countries as Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador, as well as parts of Argentina and Chile. The capital of the Inca Empire was Cusco, the sacred city of the Sun. For the Incas themselves, who did not know about the existence of other countries and continents, Cuzco was the center of the world, and caravans with grain, silver, gold, beautiful fabrics and fresh green coca leaves were drawn to it from all parts of the empire.

The Incas were harsh but fair rulers. They allowed the peoples and tribes they conquered to preserve their customs and traditions.

The main unit of their society was the family. Each group of 20 families had its own leader. He was subordinate to another, who already headed 50 families, and so on, up to the Supreme Inca, the ruler of the empire. The social structure of the Inca empire was such that everyone, without exception, worked in it, except for the oldest and youngest inhabitants. Each family owned a plot of land that they had to cultivate. People themselves wove their own clothes, made shoes or sandals for themselves, dishes, jewelry made of silver and gold. The inhabitants of the empire did not have personal freedom: the rulers decided what clothes people had to wear, what to eat and how and where to work.

It should be noted that the Incas were excellent farmers and grew many valuable crops. They managed to build grandiose aqueducts to irrigate their fields with water from swift mountain streams. Many of the buildings once erected by the Incas are still standing today. They also built many unusual bridges from vines and willow twigs woven into thick ropes.

These people were also born weavers and potters. They wove such fine fabrics from cotton that the Spanish conquerors thought it was silk. The Incas still knew how to spin beautiful and warm clothes from wool.

After many centuries of prosperity, the Inca empire split into two parts, ruled by half-blood brothers who fought with each other. As a result, the Incas were unable to resist the invasion of the few, but much better armed Spanish conquistadors compared to them, and their empire was captured and destroyed.

Author: Likum A.

Random interesting fact from the Great Encyclopedia:

Who is Joan of Arc?

Saint Joan of Arc is revered by the French as one of the greatest heroines. She was born on January 6, 1412 and was burned at the stake on May 30, 1431. She was only 19 years old. When Joan was young, much of France was ruled by the Burgundians, a powerful group of nobles who allied with the English to take over.

When Jeanne was about thirteen years old, she began to hear voices, which, as she said, were the voices of Saints Catherine, Margaret and Michael the Archangel. She claimed that the voices told her that she should bring peace to France with the help of the Dauphin Charles, who was heir to the throne. Joan convinced Charles that she would lead his troops to victory. She inspired the French warriors, they defeated the British, and the Dauphin was crowned, becoming Charles VII.

Later, the king did not give her the necessary support in her desire to continue the fight, and the French army began to suffer defeats, and Jeanne was taken prisoner by the Burgundians. She was accused of witchcraft. Its judges were French priests who supported the Burgundians and the British. At the trial, Jeanne behaved very boldly, but she was found guilty and sentenced to death.

In 1455, a new court decided that she had been unjustly executed. The Catholic Church in 1920 declared Jeanne a saint and celebrates the anniversary of her death on May 30. The story of Joan of Arc is one of the most inspiring and many books and ballads have been written about her.

Test your knowledge! Did you know...

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