How are stars distinguished by brightness? Detailed answer

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How are stars distinguished by brightness? Detailed answer

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How are stars distinguished by brightness?

Looking at the sky, we do not notice much difference between the stars. It's just that some of them seem bigger or brighter than others, that's all. However, in fact, the stars are different from each other, and the difference between them reaches colossal proportions. If you classify the stars according to their spectra, they will be arranged in a row - from blue to red.

Blue stars are the hottest and brightest. The temperature on their surface reaches 400 °C. The temperature on the surface of the Sun - a yellow star - is approximately 000 ° C. The coldest are red stars. Their temperature is about 6000 ° C, but their light is not as bright as that of blue, white or yellow. There are, however, many other, very special stars: these include neutron stars, the so-called black holes and others.

Black holes, for example, do not emit any radiation at all. To separate stars by brightness, there is the concept of magnitude, introduced by the ancient Greek scientist Hipparchus. Stars that have the same brightness are of the same magnitude. The brightest are the stars of the first magnitude. They are 2,5 times brighter than stars of the second magnitude, and those are also 2,5 times brighter than the third and so on. Only stars of 1-6 magnitudes can be seen with the naked eye, and their number is extremely small compared to the total number of stars.

It should be remembered that the stellar magnitude, or apparent stellar magnitude, does not at all characterize either the size or the true brightness of a star, but only its brilliance relative to an observer on Earth.

Author: Likum A.

Random interesting fact from the Great Encyclopedia:

How long ago did they start parodying the classics?

The oldest known parody of a classic work is "The War of Mice and Frogs" ("Batrachomyomachia"). This Greek comic epic, written in hexameter (possibly in the XNUMXth-XNUMXrd centuries BC), is a parody of Homer's Iliad.

The comedy of the work lies in the fact that its characters - mice and frogs - wage war among themselves like heroes, and even express themselves in the language of a heroic epic.

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