Who are the cavemen? Detailed answer

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Who are the cavemen? Detailed answer

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Who are the cavemen?

Thousands of years ago, people did not know how to build houses and therefore lived in stone caves. However, it should be noted that the very first inhabitants of the caves did not even look like us.

These creatures are called Neanderthals by modern scientists. Their brain - one of the main differences between man and animal - was the same size as that of modern people, but they had very coarse features with heavy eyebrows hanging over their eyes. The growth of Neanderthals did not exceed 160 cm, their posture was not as straight as that of today's people. The "cavemen" did not care too much about the cleanliness of their dwellings, and therefore all the garbage was left right on the floor.

For a thousand years, some caves were almost filled to the brim with decayed piles of waste. Being inside their dwellings, cavemen were afraid of the huge size of the caves and the impenetrable darkness that reigned in them. Therefore, they tried to stay at the entrance to the caves, whose vaults protected them from wind, rain and snow, and did not dare to climb inside. At the end of the ice age, the Cro-Magnons - the descendants of the Neanderthals, whose appearance was already much more similar to the appearance of modern people - began to move to Europe.

However, they, like their predecessors, continued to live in caves. Gradually, their number increased, and there was not enough space in the cave for everyone. Then some of them began to build huts from branches or dig a dwelling in the ground.

It was the Cro-Magnons who were the authors of the famous cave paintings in southern France and northwestern Spain. These drawings are remarkable in that they are an achievement - they are the first works of art created by people. They are very expressive and testify to the rich imagination and talent of their creators, who depicted mainly animals that the Cro-Magnons hunted: bison, bears, wild boars, mammoths and rhinos.

Author: Likum A.

Random interesting fact from the Great Encyclopedia:

Who are pinnipeds?

Pinnipeds are mammals whose limbs have turned into fins, which they use when swimming as oars. The three main families of pinnipeds are walruses, sea lions and seals. All of them are carnivores. These aquatic predators have the same ancestors as those of the earth, such as dogs, cats, and bears. Probably millions of years ago, one group of carnivores moved into the sea and gradually adapted to life in it.

Now about thirty species of pinnipeds live in the world's oceans. Most of them live in the cold waters of the Arctic Ocean and in the parts of the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans surrounding Antarctica. Several species of them live in warm waters, and even fewer in fresh water lakes.

Since pinnipeds spend most of their lives in the water, they have adapted very well to such an existence. They are all excellent swimmers. Their bodies are streamlined, with a thick layer of fat underneath their skin that adds to their buoyancy and helps retain heat. The fat layer also serves as a food reserve when necessary. Pinnipeds are first-class divers. They can dive underwater in search of food to a depth of sixty to ninety meters. Many of them have large eyes that see well in the dark depths of the sea. When pinnipeds are underwater, their nostrils close. Most of them have sharp, backward-curved teeth with which they grab and hold prey, and then send it down the throat.

Pinnipeds are collectivists and live together for a long time in large herds, especially during the mating season and when cubs are born. All of them, intending to bear offspring, return to the earth, in any case, to the coastal edge of the ice. Young pup seals, sea lions and walruses are born sighted, and their body is covered with thick hair or down.

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