Where do penguins live? Detailed answer

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Where do penguins live? Detailed answer

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Where do penguins live?

Many people believe that this strange bird lives wherever it is cold: at the North Pole, at the South Pole, and so on. But penguins are found only in the Southern Hemisphere. They live in Antarctica (not in the Arctic!) and on the islands adjacent to the continent. They can also be found in more northern regions, such as Peru or southern Brazil, South West Africa, New Zealand and southern Australia.

Without a doubt, the penguin gained fame due to its comical resemblance to humans.

Penguins stand upright on their flat feet. Often they, like soldiers, line up in orderly rows. Their gait seems to us so majestic and important that it is hard not to laugh. Their plumage, consisting of small, scale-like feathers, covers the entire body. It resembles a men's evening dress, consisting of a tailcoat and a white shirt. The penguin, which existed in prehistoric times, was almost two meters tall. You can imagine what an impression such a penguin would make today!

Now there are 17 varieties of penguins, the largest of which is the king penguin, reaching 1 meter in height and about 36 kilograms of weight. Once upon a time, in ancient times, the penguin could fly as well as any other bird. But by now, only short processes remained from the wings, unsuitable for flying.

How did it happen? One of the reasons, oddly enough, is that the penguin had few, if not no, enemies. He lived in such remote Antarctic regions that there was practically no one to attack him. Therefore, he could safely spend time on land or on water.

As the generations of penguins that did not use their wings changed, those wings became smaller and stiffer until they were no longer airworthy. But on the other hand, penguins have become excellent swimmers and divers, and these wings have become excellent fins! The penguins also have a thick fat layer that protects them from the terrible cold in their habitats. Man is currently hunting penguins for their blubber and legislation may need to be passed to protect them from extirpation.

Author: Likum A.

Random interesting fact from the Great Encyclopedia:

Are the further adventures of Robinson Crusoe described?

Yes, because in the little-known original version of the 1660th-century bestseller, author Daniel Defoe (1731-XNUMX) throws his hero first into a terrible storm, and during the second journey he is enslaved. Only during the third journey, he finds himself on a desert island, where adventures known to everyone take place with him.

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Unraveled the reason for the fresh smell of the forest after the rain 25.01.2015

We begin to smell when molecules of a smelling substance reach the receptors in our nose. If the substance itself is liquid or solid, then the fastest way to smell is to spray tiny drops of liquid containing the desired substance into the air. Air fresheners work according to this principle - gas from a canister under pressure sprays an aerosol into the air, and the room is instantly filled with the desired aroma. However, in the forest, no one runs around with a can of air freshener. It turns out that there is some other, natural method for obtaining an aerosol.

If the source of the forest smell is on the ground, and the only thing that distinguishes a wet forest from a dry one is falling drops of water, then the key to the puzzle is most likely in them. Armed with high-speed video cameras, a team of MIT researchers set out to see what happens when a raindrop hits a porous surface. It turned out that at the moment of impact, microscopic air bubbles form at the boundary between the fallen drop and the surface. These bubbles, like in a glass of champagne, begin to rise up and, having come to the surface, throw microdrops of water into the air. An aerosol cloud forms over a fallen raindrop, containing substances that the water carried away from the soil surface. And a light breeze will already spread the smell of geosmin throughout the forest.

Naturally, the researchers did not limit themselves to discovering the very fact of aerosol formation by falling drops, but carried out a detailed study of this mechanism. After conducting about 600 experiments in various conditions, they found that the most aerosol is formed with moderate rainfall and average soil moisture. During a heavy downpour, the bubbles inside the droplets simply do not have time to form, and sandy and clay soils contribute to the best aerosol formation.

In addition to forest odors from the ground, aerosols can lift bacteria or spores into the air, which can spread over long distances. And if in the forest the probability of inhaling something very dangerous and poisonous is very small, then in large cities a walk after a little summer rain may not be as useful as it seems.

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