What is a waterfall? Detailed answer

BIG ENCYCLOPEDIA FOR CHILDREN AND ADULTS
Free library / Directory / Big encyclopedia for children and adults

What is a waterfall? Detailed answer

Big encyclopedia for children and adults

Directory / Big encyclopedia. Questions for quiz and self-education

Did you know?

What is a waterfall?

When a stream or river overflows over a wall of stone in the form of a cliff or cliff, a waterfall is obtained. Where the wall does not break off vertically, but has a gentle shape, the flowing water is called a cascade. Sometimes in a cascade, water flows down a whole series of gentle slopes.

Niagara Falls is a good example of how an overhanging cliff edge creates a waterfall. The top layer of rock on Niagara is composed of hard dolomite. Beneath the dolomite are soft shales. The Niagara River spills over the dolomite cliff into a huge water bowl below, where the seething waters wash out the slates and thus wash away the upper layers of the dolomite. From time to time, huge masses of dolomite collapse, and the cliff remains as steep as before. In other waterfalls of this type, sandstone, limestone or lava can serve as solid rock.

Another type of waterfall is the Lower Yellowstone Falls. Once upon a time, a huge mass of molten rock rose from the ground, which then hardened and formed a wall in the path of the river. In some cases, glaciers have cut deep into mountain valleys, leaving behind sheer walls from which waterfalls cascaded down. In other cases, high plateaus were raised by movements of the earth's crust, and water flows overflowed their edges.

There are three most famous waterfalls in the world: Niagara Falls, Victoria Falls on the Zambezi River in Africa and Iguassu Falls at the junction of the borders of Argentina, Brazil and Paraguay. Niagara Falls has the largest volume of water. The highest waterfall in the world is in Venezuela. This is Angel Falls, the water in which falls from a height of 1005 meters. It was first seen from Jimmy Angel's plane in 1935, and in 1948 people first appeared here.

Some waterfalls are of great benefit in providing a person with energy. The waterfalls are used to generate electricity that powers factories. Approximately half of the world's hydropower resources are concentrated in Africa, but for the most part they are not developed.

Author: Likum A.

Random interesting fact from the Great Encyclopedia:

Why is it impossible to vote on someone else's behalf in the European Parliament?

Members of the European Parliament vote not with a card, but with their hand, placing it in the slot of a special sensor.

Electronics will count the vote only if the pattern of lines on the fingers and palm corresponds to the one registered with this deputy. So it is simply impossible to entrust a colleague to vote for himself.

Test your knowledge! Did you know...

▪ What is meningitis?

▪ In which country does blood type discrimination exist?

▪ What surprise did Muse come up with when they were forced to play to a backing track?

See other articles Section Big encyclopedia. Questions for quiz and self-education.

Read and write useful comments on this article.

<< Back

Latest news of science and technology, new electronics:

Machine for thinning flowers in gardens 02.05.2024

In modern agriculture, technological progress is developing aimed at increasing the efficiency of plant care processes. The innovative Florix flower thinning machine was presented in Italy, designed to optimize the harvesting stage. This tool is equipped with mobile arms, allowing it to be easily adapted to the needs of the garden. The operator can adjust the speed of the thin wires by controlling them from the tractor cab using a joystick. This approach significantly increases the efficiency of the flower thinning process, providing the possibility of individual adjustment to the specific conditions of the garden, as well as the variety and type of fruit grown in it. After testing the Florix machine for two years on various types of fruit, the results were very encouraging. Farmers such as Filiberto Montanari, who has used a Florix machine for several years, have reported a significant reduction in the time and labor required to thin flowers. ... >>

Advanced Infrared Microscope 02.05.2024

Microscopes play an important role in scientific research, allowing scientists to delve into structures and processes invisible to the eye. However, various microscopy methods have their limitations, and among them was the limitation of resolution when using the infrared range. But the latest achievements of Japanese researchers from the University of Tokyo open up new prospects for studying the microworld. Scientists from the University of Tokyo have unveiled a new microscope that will revolutionize the capabilities of infrared microscopy. This advanced instrument allows you to see the internal structures of living bacteria with amazing clarity on the nanometer scale. Typically, mid-infrared microscopes are limited by low resolution, but the latest development from Japanese researchers overcomes these limitations. According to scientists, the developed microscope allows creating images with a resolution of up to 120 nanometers, which is 30 times higher than the resolution of traditional microscopes. ... >>

Air trap for insects 01.05.2024

Agriculture is one of the key sectors of the economy, and pest control is an integral part of this process. A team of scientists from the Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Central Potato Research Institute (ICAR-CPRI), Shimla, has come up with an innovative solution to this problem - a wind-powered insect air trap. This device addresses the shortcomings of traditional pest control methods by providing real-time insect population data. The trap is powered entirely by wind energy, making it an environmentally friendly solution that requires no power. Its unique design allows monitoring of both harmful and beneficial insects, providing a complete overview of the population in any agricultural area. “By assessing target pests at the right time, we can take necessary measures to control both pests and diseases,” says Kapil ... >>

Random news from the Archive

U.S. renewable power plants surpass coal-fired power 20.06.2019

In April, renewable energy plants outperformed coal-fired power plants for the first time in April, according to a report from the US Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC). This means that they can now produce more clean energy, which is getting cheaper.

In 2016, coal lost its status as the king of the US energy industry in large part due to the so-called shale gas boom. A lot of cheap natural gas appeared in the states, which was used for energy purposes. In April this year, the total generating capacity of coal-based power plants amounted to 257,48 GW. The total installed capacity of renewable electricity, including sunlight, water flows, wind and geothermal heat, reached 257,53 GW.

Thus, the share of power plants based on renewable energy sources amounted to 21,56%, while the share of coal-fired power plants decreased from 23,04% to 21,55%. The difference is insignificant, but the fact itself is important, which suggests that this gap will increase in the coming months. The FERC report also notes that the share of green energy in the US is growing at an average of 1% annually, so by 2022 it will account for almost a quarter of all installed capacity in the states.

Meanwhile, American appetite for coal continues to decline. Since its peak in 2008, US coal consumption has hit its lowest level in 40 years, according to the US Energy Information Administration.

Other interesting news:

▪ New mains power supplies

▪ 10K TV

▪ Packaging that winks

▪ Laptops run 25% longer with the new Google Chrome

▪ Sanyo Hacti HD1 compact camcorder

News feed of science and technology, new electronics

Interesting materials of the Free Technical Library:

▪ section of the site Audio Art. Article selection

▪ article Goal like a falcon. Popular expression

▪ article What ruins wine? Detailed answer

▪ article New Zealand spinach. Legends, cultivation, methods of application

▪ article Electric thermometer, 20-45 degrees. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

▪ article Electrical equipment and electrical installations of general purpose. Power transformers and reactors. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

Leave your comment on this article:

All languages of this page

Home page | Library | Articles | Website map | Site Reviews