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What is the size and age of the largest meteorite crater on the Earth's surface? Detailed answer

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What is the size and age of the largest meteorite crater on the Earth's surface?

The largest of all the craters in which the remains of a meteorite substance were found is the Barringer crater in Arizona (USA).

It is a well-preserved depression with a diameter of about 1200 meters and a depth of about 200 meters. Its edges rise about 50 meters above the surrounding plain. It was discovered in 1891, and according to various estimates, its age is from 25 to 50 thousand years.

The meteorite, the fall of which led to the formation of this crater, weighed about 10 thousand tons.

Author: Kondrashov A.P.

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Ice is subject to fluidity - the ability to deform under stress determines the movement of ice in huge glaciers. Some Himalayan glaciers move at a speed of 2-3 meters per day.

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Magnetic monopoles in a cold quantum gas medium 23.07.2018

It is known that magnets shaped like a ball, rectangle or horseshoe always have two magnetic poles. And if you split the magnet into two parts, you get two new magnets with two poles. However, according to some physical theories, unipolar magnetic formations can exist in the world, similar to electric charges, which are either positive or negative. One of these magnetic formations, the Young's monopole, may exist from the point of view of high-energy physics, but none of the scientists has yet had a chance to "see" this monopole live, even in laboratory conditions.

A group of physicists from the Joint Quantum Institute (JQI) succeeded for the first time in creating an analogue of the Yang monopole based on a quantum gas from supercooled rubidium atoms. And this achievement can be used in the future for a deeper insight into already known areas of physics and new areas that have not yet been covered by human science.

In order to detect the Yang monopoles that exist in a quantum gas, scientists, using radio waves and microwave rays, aligned all the spins of quantum gas atoms in a special way. Periodically repeating combinations of four different orientations of rotation of atoms, the researchers made these atoms move in space-time, while each atom returned to the starting point after a while.

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In order to test that the curvature of the continuum is indeed caused by the presence of a Yang monopole, the researchers made the atoms move in different ways, even those that should go around the area of ​​\uXNUMXb\uXNUMXbthe curvature and distortion created. The atoms moving along this path, returning to the starting point, had the same spin as at the very beginning, which indicated that they managed to avoid the influence of the monopole.

Using the approach described above and directing the atoms in different ways, the researchers determined that the Yang monopole is a topological phenomenon, i.e. it has a certain size and shape. And in their further research, scientists will find out how it will be possible to make Yang's monopoles work for the benefit of mankind in a wide variety of quantum technologies.

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