How was the asteroid belt formed between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter? Detailed answer

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How was the asteroid belt formed between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter? Detailed answer

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How was the asteroid belt formed between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter?

Between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter there is a belt 100-300 million kilometers wide, formed by several tens of thousands of rocky bodies - asteroids. They revolve around the Sun, passing their orbit in 3-6 years. Most of them are irregular in shape, ranging in size from a few centimeters to 100 kilometers.

There are two hypotheses for the origin of asteroids.

According to one hypothesis, asteroids are the remains of a planet that has split as a result of some kind of catastrophe - for example, a collision with another massive body. This hypothetical planet was named Phaeton. According to the supporters of the hypothesis, the Moon testifies to the time of its destruction: 4 billion years ago, a flurry of fragments of Phaeton fell upon it, which formed giant impact craters with a diameter of up to 1000 kilometers. The same fragments flew to the Earth, but they collapsed in its dense atmosphere.

Proponents of another hypothesis of the origin of asteroids consider them to be a kind of planets that ended up in their current orbits due to intense gravitational processes near Jupiter.

Author: Kondrashov A.P.

Random interesting fact from the Great Encyclopedia:

How many times larger is the Sun than the Earth?

The radius of the Sun is 696 thousand kilometers, and the average radius of the Earth is 6371 kilometers. It follows that the Sun is approximately 109 times larger than the Earth in linear dimensions, and 1,3 million times in volume.

The mass of the Sun is 2 trillion quadrillion (two with 27 zeros) tons, while the mass of the Earth is "only" 6 sextillion (six with 21 zeros) tons. Therefore, the mass of the Sun is 333 thousand times larger than the Earth.

The gravitational acceleration on the surface of the Sun is 274 meters per second per second and is 28 times greater than the gravitational acceleration on the surface of the Earth, which is, as everyone knows, 9,81 meters per second per second. Therefore, any object on the surface of the Sun will weigh 28 times more than it weighs on the surface of the Earth (unless, of course, it burns up).

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Super strong rayon 08.11.2022

Chinese researchers have found a new way to create ultra-strong mulberry rayon, which shows significantly higher strength than the strongest natural silk.

Silkworm silk is also widely used in biomedicine as a surgical material and in tests for tissue creation. Silk is a protein-based biopolymer with a unique combination of different physical properties. Silkworm silk has less strength than the strongest natural silk - spider web dragline silk, which makes up the main frame of the web.

Scientists have tried to inject spider DNA into silkworms to increase the tensile strength of their silk. Researchers at China's Tianjin University selected common silkworms, which are more affordable and manageable, to produce rayon.

The natural mulberry silk fiber consists of a core fiber coated with silk glue, which prevents the fibers from being spun for commercial use. The scientists placed silkworm silk in a chemical bath that could dissolve the glue, limiting the degradation of the silk proteins.

The experts said that the artificial fibers are smooth and strong and can withstand the load. They are 70% stronger than webs.

Structural analysis shows that the extreme strength can be attributed to the high crystallinity and small nanocrystals formed in the artificial fibers. Incorporating zinc ions into the fiber during spinning and drawing after spinning may also contribute to its superior mechanical properties, the researchers said.

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