Color distortion during video recording. video art

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Color distortion in video recording

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The emission spectrum of a light source is characterized by its color temperature. Its value is numerically equal to the temperature to which it is necessary to heat an absolutely black body in order for it to emit light of the same spectral composition as the source being characterized. A shift to the red region of the spectrum means a decrease, and a blue shift means an increase in color temperature. The standard of white light on television is 6500 °K.

The human eye distinguishes colors well both during the day and under the light of lamps, although objectively the color of objects varies depending on the shade of the light source and the color of the surface. White parts take on the color of the light source, and colored parts change their color in such a way that it is sometimes difficult to predict the result in advance. The brain corrects perception, so even in difficult lighting conditions, we may not notice color distortions.

Measurement of the color temperature of a light source in a video camera is based on a comparison of the intensity of the red and blue components of the emission spectrum. To automatically set the white balance, the parameters of many light sources are stored in the memory of camcorders. But under mixed illumination or illumination by a light source with a discontinuous emission spectrum, errors may appear in the operation of automation, and then white surfaces will no longer be displayed as white on the screen, and a color tint will appear on the entire image.

Even if the white balance is set correctly, the color characteristics of the lighting still change the contrast and saturation of the image. First, surfaces painted in colors opposite to the color shift of the light source appear darker than under white light, their color becomes less saturated. So, under incandescent lamps, the blue and blue parts of objects lose their brightness, and under fluorescent fluorescent lamps (color temperature up to 7500 °K), red, orange and yellow surfaces lose their brightness.

Blueshift lighting makes a person's lips appear almost black and the face becomes overly dramatic. Secondly, surfaces painted in colors similar to the color shift of the light source become lighter on the screen than their surroundings. For this reason, direct illumination with incandescent lamps (color temperature 2500-3200 °K) makes the face of a white person flat and inexpressive, as the lips lighten and "blur".

Publication: video-minidv.blogspot.com

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