Hippo and bird. Fun physical experience at home

ENTERTAINING EXPERIENCES AT HOME
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Hippo and bird. Physical experiments

Entertaining experiments in physics

Entertaining experiences at home / Physics experiments for children

Imagine that you needed to lift a closet. Not enough strength? Do not be sad! Slip a strong stick under the edge of the cabinet - and you will lift it without much difficulty.

You want to crush a nut and you can't do it with your hands. Well then. There are special tongs for nuts. With their help, you can easily cope with this task. You need to cut the sheet. You certainly won't do it with a knife. No, you will take metal shears. Good scissors cut tin like paper.

All these cases, at first glance, are very different. And yet they are similar to each other.

You did not have the strength to do this or that work. Then you pick up some kind of device - and the work immediately becomes within your power! And the most surprising thing here is that the device - a stick, tongs, scissors - has no engine, no power of its own. It only increases the force you apply.

To understand how this works, do the experiment. Take two objects of different weights. I took a porcelain figurine of a hippopotamus and a much lighter wooden bird. Put them on the ends of the ruler, laid in the middle on a round pencil. Who will pull? Clearly a hippopotamus. He's heavier. Well, what if you move the pencil closer to the hippopotamus? More, even closer! Look: the bird and the hippo have balanced! And move the pencil even closer to the hippopotamus - and the bird will outweigh!

Hippo and bird

What did it take for a light bird to drag a heavy hippopotamus? A device consisting of a board and a pencil. The board rests on a pencil. The place where it rests is called the fulcrum.

In this experiment, we took a plank because it is convenient to put figures on it. It would be possible to take both a round stick and a bar, and you never know what other oblong object. The action would be the same, only the bird and the hippopotamus would not have to be placed, but tied, or suspended, or nailed.

A long stick with a fulcrum is called a lever. This is a very old device. The great mechanic and mathematician of antiquity Archimedes from Syracuse said about the lever: "Give me a fulcrum - and I will turn the whole world over!" A stick slipped under the cabinet is a lever. And you, with your "bird" pressure, lift a "behemoth" on it - a whole closet.

Each half of the nutcracker is a lever. Therefore, the "bird" - your fingers - masters the "behemoth" - the resistance of a hard nut. And each half of the scissors is also a lever. Therefore, the "bird" - your hand - this time overpowers the resistance of a thick tin.

Look carefully at the figures and figure out where the fulcrum is in each case, where the applied force ("bird") and where the resistance ("behemoth").

Author: Galpershtein L.Ya.

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Dual-band wireless receiver chip for 5 and 60 GHz 14.10.2014

A development team from Mitsubishi Electric Company and Tohoku University has created an integrated circuit that implements the function of a receiver capable of operating in the 5 and 60 GHz bands.

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