Symmetric thyristors TS106-10, TS112-10, TS112-16, TS122-20, TS122-25, TS13240, TS132-50, TS-132-63, TS142-80. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Reference materials

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Symmetric thyristors (triacs) are made on the basis of a five-layer silicon structure (Fig. 1) and are designed to work in switching and control equipment (dimmers for incandescent lamps, load switches, pulse welding machines, temperature controllers for household electrical appliances, current and voltage stabilizers, powerful ultrasonic generators, etc.). The triac is capable of conducting current in both directions, thus replacing two back-to-back trinistors. In other words, the triac does not have a permanent anode and cathode.

Fig. 1

For definiteness, the triac outputs included in the load circuit are designated by the numbers 1 and 2. If a working voltage is applied between the outputs 1 and 2 of the triac, and the opening pulse is not applied to the control electrode, then the triac is closed and does not conduct current. The triac is turned on (opened) by applying a current pulse to the control electrode relative to pin 2.

In the case when the operating voltage is applied with a plus to pin 2, and a minus to pin 1, then the triac can be opened with a pulse of any polarity. If, on the other hand, pin 2 is minus, and pin 1 is plus, the operating voltage, the triac can only be opened by a negative control pulse. This makes it possible to simplify the control equipment operating on alternating current. Instead of a pulsed opening current, a direct current of the appropriate polarity can be applied to the control transition of the triac.

Like a trinistor, it is energetically more expedient to control a triac with short current pulses, with a duration 2 ... 3 times longer than the turn-on time of the device.

Fig. 2

On fig. 2 and in table. 1 shows a typical dependence of the power of the control circuit of the TS106-10 triac on the duty cycle of the control pulses.

Table 1

The side lines limiting curves 1-3 determine the allowable spread of the characteristics of the control circuit, i.e., they determine the zone of guaranteed opening of the triacs.

Triac TS106-10 is designed in a flat plastic case with plate leads (Fig. 3); the mass of the device is not more than 2,2 g. The marking of the triac contains, in addition to the type, a number indicating its class in terms of repetitive impulse voltage in the closed state and the date of manufacture (month and year, for example, 06.87). Sometimes a number is also introduced into the marking, indicating a group according to the critical rate of increase in switching voltage (dU / dtt).

Fig. 3

Triacs TS112-Yu, TS112-16, TS122-20, TS122-25, TS132-40, TS132-50, TS142-63, TS142-80 are designed in a cylindrical glass-to-metal case, equipped with a massive hexagonal flange - a heat sink with a threaded stud for mounting the device . The dimensions of the triac cases are shown in fig. 4 and 5 and in the table. 2.

Fig. 4

Ris.5

Table 2

The marking of devices consists of the letters TS (symmetric thyristor) and numbers, meaning: the first is the serial number of the modification, the second is the encoded size of the flange hexagon, the third is the designation of the housing design. Next, a hyphen is followed by a number indicating in amperes the maximum allowable current in the open state. Then, through a hyphen, indicate a number indicating the class of the device in terms of repetitive impulse voltage in the closed state, and through a hyphen - a group according to the critical rate of increase in the switching voltage. Sometimes they indicate the code of the climatic version and the category of placement (except for U2). Next to the marking is placed the date of manufacture of the device (month and year) and the trademark of the manufacturer.

There are 12 classes for repetitive impulse voltage. Class 1 - 100 V, 2 - 200 V, 12 - 1200 V. Groups for the critical rate of increase in switching voltage - 7. Group 1 - 2,5 V / μs, 2 - 4 V / μs , 3 - 6,3V/µs, 4-10V/µs, 5-16V/µs, 6-25V/µs and 7-50V/µs. Triacs of the TS122, TS132 and TS142 series are produced in two versions, differing only in the design of terminals 1 and ue (control electrode).

The main technical characteristics of triacs of the TS112, TS122, TS132, TS142 series are shown in Table. 3.

Table 3

1) At case temperature 85°C.
2) At a structure temperature of 125°C.
3) Under normal climatic conditions (tamb.av=25°C).
4) Non-opening voltage at the control transition - not less than 0,25 V. The operating temperature range of the structure is 60 ... + 125 ° С. Triacs are operable on alternating current with a frequency of up to 500 Hz.

Main technical characteristics of TS106-10

Repetitive impulse voltage on a closed triac, V
class 1	100
class 2	200
class 3	300
The maximum allowable current (effective value) of an open triac at Tr=80°C, A, not less than	10
Repeating impulse current of a closed triac, mA, not more than .	1,5
Pulse voltage on an open triac, V, not more than	1 65
Opening constant control voltage, V, not more than
at minimum case temperature	6
at T=25°C	3,5
Opening direct control current, mA, no more
at minimum case temperature	230
at T=25 °C. . .	100
Non-opening constant voltage control at maximum case temperature. AT
least	0,2
Holding current in the open state, mA, no more	45
Maximum allowable control power, W	0,5
The maximum allowable direct current of the control transition, mA	400
Critical rate of increase in switching voltage, V/μs, not less than
group 1	2,5
group 2	4
group 3	6,3
group 4	10
Thermal resistance structure - case, °С/W, max	2,2
Case temperature operating range, °С	-50...+110

Triacs are resistant to multiple changes in ambient temperature from -50 ° C to the maximum allowable value for the structure, as well as to the effects of damp heat at a temperature of - (-35 ° C and humidity up to 98%.

The devices can operate under the influence of mechanical loads according to the M27 group of GOST 17516-72 and single impacts with a pulse duration of 50 ms and an acceleration of 4d.

The probability of no-failure operation during 1000 hours is not less than 0,994.

Author: A. Anisimov, Zaporozhye; Publication: N. Bolshakov, rf.atnn.ru

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