Requirements for the design of overhead lines, taking into account the peculiarities of their repair and maintenance

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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RADIO ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
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Section 2. Sewerage of electricity

Overhead power lines with voltage above 1 kV. Requirements for the design of overhead lines, taking into account the peculiarities of their repair and maintenance

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Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Rules for the installation of electrical installations (PUE)

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2.5.19. Repair and maintenance of overhead lines should be provided centrally, by specialized teams from the production bases of the enterprise (structural unit).

The location of production bases, the composition of the necessary premises, the equipment with means of mechanization of work, transport and emergency reserve warehouses, equipment with means of communication should be carried out on the basis of promising schemes for organizing operation, taking into account the existing material base of the energy enterprise.

Providing overhead lines with an emergency supply of materials and equipment is provided for in the scope of current standards.

For the operation of overhead lines in hard-to-reach areas, sections of overhead lines that cannot be accessed by ground transport, as well as overhead lines passing in uninhabited areas with harsh climatic conditions, provision should be made for temporary stay points for personnel or the use of helicopters. The location of the points of temporary stay of personnel and helipads, the composition of premises for personnel and crew of helicopters, mechanisms are substantiated in the project. Helipads must comply with applicable regulations.

2.5.20. The number of repair and maintenance personnel and the area of production and residential premises of repair bases, as well as the number of vehicles and mechanisms necessary for the operation of overhead lines, are determined in accordance with applicable standards.

2.5.21. When designing overhead lines, a technological connection should be provided between repair teams and control centers, bases from which repairs and maintenance of overhead lines are carried out, as well as between teams and individual fitters. If the overhead line is served from several bases, it is necessary to provide for a connection between the latter. Technological communications should also be provided for points of temporary stay on the overhead line.

2.5.22. Access to the overhead line should be provided at any time of the year as close as possible, but no further than 0,5 km from the overhead line. For travel along the overhead line and for the entrance to them, a strip of land with a width of at least 2,5 m must be cleared from plantings, stumps, stones, etc.

Exceptions are allowed on sections of overhead lines passing:

through swampy swamps and rugged terrain where travel is impossible. In these cases, it is necessary to carry out walking trails with bridges 0,8-1,0 m wide, equipped with railings, or bulk earthen paths with a width of at least 0,8 m along the overhead line;
on territories occupied by horticultural and valuable agricultural crops, as well as by planting protective strips along railways, highways and forbidden strips along the banks of rivers, lakes, reservoirs, canals and other water bodies.

On the routes of overhead lines passing through the terrain crossed by reclamation canals, pedestrian bridges 0,8-1,0 m wide, equipped with railings, should be provided.

2.5.23. On the VL supports at a height of 2-3 m, the following permanent signs should be applied:

the serial number of the support, the number of the overhead line or its symbol - on all supports; on double-circuit and multi-circuit supports of overhead lines, in addition, the corresponding circuit must be marked;
information signs indicating the width of the overhead line security zone; the distance between information signs in populated areas should be no more than 250 m, with a longer span, signs are installed on each support; in uninhabited and hard-to-reach areas - 500 m, more rare installation of signs is allowed;
phase colors - on overhead lines of 35 kV and higher on end supports, supports adjacent to transposition ones, and on the first supports of branches from overhead lines;
warning posters - on all overhead lines in populated areas;
posters indicating the distance from the overhead line support to the cable communication line - on supports installed at a distance of less than half the height of the support to the communication cables.

It is allowed to combine on one sign all the information established by the requirements of this paragraph.

Posters and signs should be installed on the side of the support alternately on the right and left sides, and at road crossings the posters should be facing the road.

On 110 kV and higher overhead lines, which will be serviced using helicopters, license plates visible from a helicopter are installed in the upper part of each fifth support. At the same time, for 500-750 kV overhead lines, the signs must be enameled with a size of 400 × 500 mm.

2.5.24. Line disconnectors, switching points, high-frequency barriers installed on overhead lines must have the appropriate serial numbers and dispatcher names.

See other articles Section Rules for the installation of electrical installations (PUE).

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