Solar batteries in multimeters and radio receivers. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Power Supplies

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The article proposes several options for installing solar panels in various radio-electronic devices in order to recharge batteries.

Batteries of galvanic cells or accumulators of size 6F22 ("Krona", "Korund") are widely used to power various electronic devices. For example, such a battery is used in small-sized radio receivers or common multimeters of the XX-830x series. The capacity of such a battery is usually small, therefore, with intensive use of the multimeter, it is often necessary to replace the galvanic battery or charge the battery. Its removal is inconvenient, since it requires unscrewing two screws. Gradually, the thread in the plastic racks is erased and ceases to fulfill its function. To increase the convenience of using the multimeter, you can power it from a rechargeable battery, and to recharge it, install several solar panels on the case. Batteries from rechargeable LED lawn lights are suitable. Depending on the type of lamp, the size of the solar battery is different.

If you use solar panels with dimensions of 25x25 mm, four pieces can be placed on the back wall of the multimeter mentioned above. When they are connected in series (Fig. 1), the total maximum voltage is 9,6 ... 10 V, so recharging the battery is excluded. In bright light, the output current of the assembled battery is 10 ... 14 mA, and it is quite enough to charge the 6F22 battery. Diode VD1 prevents it from being discharged through the solar panel.

Rice. 1. Connection diagram of the multimeter and solar panels

Solar panels are mounted on the housing cover with glue (Fig. 2), holes are made for the leads. In order not to cut yourself on the sharp edges of the batteries (they have a glass base), a hot-melt adhesive roller is made along their edge. The connections between the GB1-GB4 batteries are made on the inside of the cover, the VD1 diode is also fixed there. With thin flexible insulated wires, the negative terminal of the GB4 battery and the cathode of the VD1 diode are connected to the contacts on the multimeter board, to which the GB battery is connected. To charge the battery, it is enough to place the multimeter in a lit place so that the light falls on the solar panels.

Rice. 2. Installation of solar panels

Other devices, such as radios, can also be equipped with solar panels by placing them on the lid or on the top of the case. In this case, it is not necessary to mount solar panels "forever". They can be placed on a plastic base of the required size and temporarily fixed to the device body using a clip or double-sided adhesive tape, and any small-sized socket can be installed for connection.

If the standard supply voltage of the device is 4,5 V, three Ni-Cd or Ni-Mh batteries can be used for power supply, and two series-connected solar panels can be used to charge them, and if space permits, then four (two by two). The decoupling diode VD1 must be low-power silicon. But if only two or three solar panels can be placed on the device, and its supply voltage is 9 V, a step-up voltage converter is required, which can be assembled according to the circuit shown in Fig. 3. In this case, the solar panels are connected in parallel, and the required output voltage of 10 V will be provided by the converter assembled on the DA1 chip. This chip is designed to build a converter with an output voltage of 5 V.

Due to the fact that the storage choke is made with a tap in the middle, the voltage supplied to the battery is doubled. Capacitor C1 smooths out the ripple of the supply voltage, and capacitors C2 and C3 - rectified. Inductors L2 and L3 additionally filter the output voltage. The converter will turn on automatically when the output voltage and current of the solar panels is sufficient for its operation, regardless of whether the device itself is turned on or not.

Rice. 3. Voltage boost converter circuit

The elements of the converter are placed on a single-sided printed circuit board made of fiberglass, the drawing of which is shown in fig. 4. Resistors and capacitors for surface mounting of size 1206 were used. Inductor L1 is wound with doubled wire PEV-2 0,3 (6 turns) on a ring ferrite magnetic circuit with a diameter of 8 ... 9 mm from the CFL inductor. The beginning of one winding is connected to the end of the other - this is how a tap is obtained. Inductors L2 and L3 - output EC24, inductance 330 ... 1000 μH.

Rice. 4. PCB drawing

It should be noted that if the converter is built into a radio receiver, it may interfere with radio reception in the LW, MW and HF bands. In the VHF band, such interference is unlikely.

Author: I. Nechaev

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