Charging unit for a powerful capacitor bank. Scheme, description

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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RADIO ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
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Charging unit for a powerful capacitor bank. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

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Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Miscellaneous electrical devices

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The steel walls of microbiological product dryers must be shaken periodically with electromagnetic inductors. The electronic circuit with some periodicity discharges a powerful capacitor bank to the inductor, then to the next ... and so on in the chain.

When the scheme fails, men act with sledgehammers and some verbal statements (they have to walk up and down the stairs between blows).

Ballast resistors switched on at high voltage get very hot in a closed shield, which leads to soldering of contacts and cracking of resistors.

After completing the power part of the block according to the scheme (see figure), the repair is greatly simplified: it is only necessary to replace the lamp from time to time in cases of its ... theft (and not burnout).

Power capacitor bank charging unit

Since the protective lamp HL1 is installed in the break of the phase wire, even if the mains voltage is too high, the heating of the power transformer is sharply reduced. The charge current limiter - an incandescent lamp, due to the non-linearity of its characteristics, sharply reduces the current pulses at the beginning of the charge and at the same time accelerates the final charge (since the resistance of the cold spiral decreases at low current).

The energy of the incandescent lamp is removed mainly due to radiation, and since the lamp is placed outside the internal volume of the shield, the heating of the remaining parts is significantly reduced. The lamp mode is also less stressful than in lighting schemes. Additional flashes of the lamp over a long distance indicate the operating mode of the device. If the flash of the lamp is not preceded by the sound of the "hit" of the electromagnetic inductor, then this inductor requires adjustment (before this was not noticed for months).

Resistor R1 in the protective lamp circuit limits the pulsed current of the rectifier diodes at the beginning of the charge, when the coil has not yet had time to warm up. Calculate the resistance of the resistor R1 as follows:

the maximum diode current (25 A) during transformation to the primary winding is 25 x 3 = 75 A;
we divide the impulse voltage of the network (300 V) by 75 A, we get 4 ohms, round it up to 5 ohms.

The bridge circuit reduces the requirements for diodes by half. Thus, in the circuit, for some milliseconds, the rectifier diodes are loaded with half the maximum operating current (the diode pulse current is higher). It is this construction of the circuit, when the heating of the circuit elements and pulse currents are sharply reduced (two important parameters are improved), that ensures the reliability of the circuit.

We choose the minimum power of the protective incandescent lamp so that the charge of the capacitor battery is almost completed in half the time between discharges to the inductors.

A breakdown of a high-voltage thyristor included in the circuit of each individual inductor will lead to the constant glow of the HL1 lamp, the cessation of "shocks". The average current consumed by the circuit elements will not overload any part.

Very important for installation and maintenance is to reduce the number of high-voltage parts (especially hot resistors).

This scheme can also be used in other cases when it is required to repeatedly charge a powerful capacitor bank.

Author: N.P. Goreyko, Ladyzhyn, Vinnitsa region

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Nicholas
Before me, score resistors were scattered in 900 volt circuits and glass solder from their terminals. It is a pity that I did not take a photo and did not write in more detail. Decades after this and my other schemes, people began to limit the current with a cheap and reliable incandescent lamp.

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