Battery discharge indicator. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering
Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Chargers, batteries, galvanic cells
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Alkaline rechargeable flashlights use three batteries with a standard total voltage of 3,75 V (1,25 V per cell). Any batteries should not be heavily discharged, because. irreversible processes of sulfation and destruction of the active layer on the plates occur in them. This entails a sharp decrease in capacity. Subsequently, the crumbling active material closes the positive and negative plates, which disables the battery.
The degree of charge of the batteries is difficult to assess visually by the brightness of the glow of an incandescent bulb, except in cases of deep discharge.
In order to actively monitor the state of the batteries, I propose a simple device made with only three elements. The basis of the circuit (Fig. 1) is the supervisor, which is widely used in electronic equipment.
Supervisors (undervoltage detectors) are available in a standard range of voltages. For our purpose, a supervisor with a response voltage of 3,3 V of the KR1171SPZZ type is suitable. It is installed in parallel with the battery. When the voltage of the charged battery drops to 3,3 V, the supervisor will work and turn on a blinking LED, which will signal the need to charge the batteries.
If you use super-bright blinking LEDs, which do not have current-limiting resistors, then you can turn on a 303FXP sound tweeter in series with them (Fig. 2).
Current consumption of the supervisor, connected in parallel with the battery, does not exceed 10 μA in the "off" state and 300 μA in the "on" state, plus the pulse current consumption of the blinking LED.
Author: V. Lazovik
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