Bicycle voltage stabilizer. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering
Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Surge Protectors
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If a bicycle has to be used at night, especially in rural areas, electrical equipment is installed on it - a bicycle generator and a headlight. But the voltage generated by the bicycle generator is not constant and depends on the speed of movement. At some points, it may exceed the maximum permissible operating voltage of the headlight lamp, which sometimes leads to its burnout. If the lamp is powered by a stabilized voltage, the reliability of operation and the constancy of the luminous flux of the headlight will increase.
Of course, the bicycle headlight voltage stabilizer is not new, some of its options have already been described on the pages of popular magazines. The proposed device (Fig. 7.6) is designed to power the headlight lamp with constant voltage.
The input voltage to the stabilizer is supplied from a rectifier made on the diode bridge VD1 and smoothing capacitors C1, C2, while the alternating voltage is supplied to the bridge from the bicycle generator. During the operation of the bicycle generator, the output voltage of the diode bridge can vary (at the terminals of the capacitors) over a wide range, but at the output of the stabilizer (i.e., at the terminals of the lamp of the bicycle headlight) it does not exceed the maximum allowable voltage of the lamp (3,5 V or 6 V - depending from the lamp used and the resistance of the resistor R3). In addition to those indicated in the diagram, you can use transistors KT312A ... KT312V, KT315A ... KT315I, any of the KT503 (VT1) series; KT815A...KT815G, KT817A...KT817G, KT805AM, KT805BM (VT2); KT361A ... KT361D, any transistor from the KT502 (VT3) series. Diode bridge VD1 - any of the KTs405 series, diode VD2 - any with a permissible rectified current of at least 0,3 A.
Establishing a stabilizer comes down to selecting a resistor R3 with such a resistance that the voltage on the lamp does not exceed the allowable (3,5 or 6 V, depending on the lamp used) even at the maximum voltage of the generator. It should be noted that this circuit has the following disadvantages: the voltage drop across the diodes of the bridge VD1, the diode VD2, the emitter junction of the transistor VT2 is large, as a result of which, in order to obtain a stabilizer output voltage of 3,5 V, about 7 V must be supplied to the diode bridge from the cycle generator And that requires a faster ride.
In some cases, it helps to increase the number of turns of the winding of the bicycle generator or to replace the impeller of the bicycle generator with another one with a smaller diameter.
Author: Semyan A.P.
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