Electrocurrent against mutation. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering
Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Electronics in medicine
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A sufficiently large dose of ionizing radiation causes changes in the hereditary apparatus of a living cell - mutations occur, various kinds of unwanted rearrangements and breakdowns of chromosomes. To prevent such changes, chemicals are usually used. For the first time using an electric current for this purpose, scientists showed that such an effect, under certain conditions, can protect living cells from radiation damage.
Vetch beans served as a model for the researchers. For experiments, seedlings a few centimeters long were selected and irradiated with a dose of 250 roentgens. But at the same time, some plants were affected by electric current before irradiation, others - after irradiation. Then the seedlings were kept in a thermostat for 22 hours, and after that they were examined under a microscope.
Here are the results. After "pure" irradiation (without current), the number of cells with chromosomal abnormalities is 47 percent - much more than in control plants (in cells not exposed to radiation, mutations are formed only in two percent of cases). When the plant was treated with current, the number of affected cells was significantly less than in the case of "pure" irradiation - the result depended on the conditions under which the electric current acted on the plant. The protective properties of electricity manifested themselves best when the root was brought to the positive electrode (anode) before irradiation - then there were almost two times fewer lesions.
The mechanism of this phenomenon has not yet been fully explained, but the authors believe that the protective effect of the current is associated with the redistribution of ions between different tissues of the plant.
Authors: N. Grigorieva, V. Shakhbazov
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