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3D printing of chocolate desserts

19.12.2019

Scientists from the Singapore University of Technology and Design have developed a special compound for 3D printing chocolate desserts at room temperature.

This is not the first time 3D printers have been used to make desserts with chocolate, but the printing process in this case is carried out by extruding the melted chocolate mass, for which the composition must be heated to 31-36 degrees. Although this process is relatively simple, it requires maintaining a high temperature and precise control over it.

Cold extrusion is easier, but this method requires fluid and viscous compositions, for which it is necessary to add components to chocolate that change its characteristics. Only now has it been possible to find suitable combinations that work at room temperature. Singapore scientists used commercially available chocolate products by mixing various pastes and syrups with 10-15% cocoa powder. The final composition called Ci3DP (Chocolate-based ink 3D-Printing) turned out to be pasty: in various versions, its dynamic viscosity ranged from 100 to 10000 Pas.

A material with such rheological properties is suitable for cold extrusion at room temperature. Desserts of the most complex forms were printed from it, including those with hard and soft layers, as well as with liquid filling. In the future, a similar method may find application for 3D printing other dishes from various temperature-sensitive components.

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Computer reads emotions 20.11.2007

Scientists from the United States have created a device that can determine if a person sitting at a computer is tired of work or is bored by its absence.

The main component of the device, which was created by scientists from Tufts University (Massachusetts, USA), led by Professor Robert Jacob to guess the emotions of a person sitting in front of a computer, is an infrared laser.

The impulse emitted by it penetrates through the forehead and passes into the brain. Human tissue for radiation of a selected length, in general, is transparent. However, having met with hemoglobin, the pulse dissipates and enters the detector. In this way, it is possible to identify those areas of the brain that receive more blood, that is, actively working.

When checking the performance of the device, the participants in the experiment were shown a spinning cube on the computer screen. It consisted of eight small cubes, the sides of which were painted in two, three and four colors. In a series of 30 tasks, it was necessary to count the number of colors on each face of a large cube. At the end of the experiment, participants were asked to indicate which tasks seemed easy to them and which seemed difficult. The results of the survey coincided with the data of laser measurements by 83%.

"We seem to be able to determine whether a person sitting at a computer is heavily loaded," says Leanna Hirschfeld, a participant in the work.

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