Device for treatment with infrared and laser radiation. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering
Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Electronics in medicine
Comments on the article
Treatment with electromagnetic waves is widely used in medicine. Here, the device for the treatment of IR and laser radiation will be considered. Infrared radiation penetrates into the tissues of the body to a depth of 3-5 cm. The depth of penetration of laser radiation depends on the power of the laser used. Typically, lasers with a power of 2 to 50 mW are used. In this case, a laser pointer with a power of up to 1 mW was used. The pointer without any alteration can be used to stimulate biologically active points in the calming mode. And instead of an infrared radiation device, you can roughly use the TV remote control. However, there are time-tested pulse parameters that are optimally suited for human exposure. The frequency of such pulses should be within 50-100 Hz, modulation from 0,5 to 3 seconds.
The scheme of the device was tested on a laser from a laser pointer and two IR LEDs.
The circuit is (see Fig. 1) two multivibrators summing their pulses on a transistor. The multivibrator on the elements DD1.1, DD1.2 generates pulses with a frequency of 66 Hz. And the multivibrator on the elements DD1.3, DD1.4 generates pulses with a period of 1,2 s. Transistor VT1 works on the load only in half the period (0,6 s) of the second generator. One logic element outputs a current of 5 mA in logic zero mode. Therefore, the outputs of logic elements DD1.5, DD1.6 are connected together to increase the output current to 10 mA. This is valid for elements located on the same chip.
The transistor load can be either a laser from a laser pointer or two AL107B infrared LEDs. The device is powered by three A13 elements, which are used to power the laser pointer.
The printed circuit board for the device in the laser pointer case is shown in fig. 2.
The laser pointer is disassembled and the button is carefully soldered. The printed circuit board is shortened with side cutters along the resistor. The manufactured board is soldered to a strip of foil. The button is inserted into the new board. The body of the pointer is extended with a plastic tube. Plastic from bottles works well. Plus, power must be wired to the microcircuit and the laser housing. The capacitors on the board are installed on the reverse side and soldered to the resistor leads. If there is no need to make a portable device, then the 564LN2 chip can be replaced with K561LN2. Making a printed circuit board in this case is not difficult.
Publication: cxem.net
See other articles Section Electronics in medicine.
Read and write useful comments on this article.
<< Back
Latest news of science and technology, new electronics:
Machine for thinning flowers in gardens
02.05.2024
In modern agriculture, technological progress is developing aimed at increasing the efficiency of plant care processes. The innovative Florix flower thinning machine was presented in Italy, designed to optimize the harvesting stage. This tool is equipped with mobile arms, allowing it to be easily adapted to the needs of the garden. The operator can adjust the speed of the thin wires by controlling them from the tractor cab using a joystick. This approach significantly increases the efficiency of the flower thinning process, providing the possibility of individual adjustment to the specific conditions of the garden, as well as the variety and type of fruit grown in it. After testing the Florix machine for two years on various types of fruit, the results were very encouraging. Farmers such as Filiberto Montanari, who has used a Florix machine for several years, have reported a significant reduction in the time and labor required to thin flowers.
... >>
Advanced Infrared Microscope
02.05.2024
Microscopes play an important role in scientific research, allowing scientists to delve into structures and processes invisible to the eye. However, various microscopy methods have their limitations, and among them was the limitation of resolution when using the infrared range. But the latest achievements of Japanese researchers from the University of Tokyo open up new prospects for studying the microworld. Scientists from the University of Tokyo have unveiled a new microscope that will revolutionize the capabilities of infrared microscopy. This advanced instrument allows you to see the internal structures of living bacteria with amazing clarity on the nanometer scale. Typically, mid-infrared microscopes are limited by low resolution, but the latest development from Japanese researchers overcomes these limitations. According to scientists, the developed microscope allows creating images with a resolution of up to 120 nanometers, which is 30 times higher than the resolution of traditional microscopes. ... >>
Air trap for insects
01.05.2024
Agriculture is one of the key sectors of the economy, and pest control is an integral part of this process. A team of scientists from the Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Central Potato Research Institute (ICAR-CPRI), Shimla, has come up with an innovative solution to this problem - a wind-powered insect air trap. This device addresses the shortcomings of traditional pest control methods by providing real-time insect population data. The trap is powered entirely by wind energy, making it an environmentally friendly solution that requires no power. Its unique design allows monitoring of both harmful and beneficial insects, providing a complete overview of the population in any agricultural area. “By assessing target pests at the right time, we can take necessary measures to control both pests and diseases,” says Kapil ... >>
| Random news from the Archive Gas stove is more harmful than passive smoking
03.07.2023
Gas stoves in kitchens are fast and convenient, but not always safe, and not only because of possible household gas explosions. Using a gas stove leads to high concentrations of benzene in the air, an aromatic organic compound known to be a carcinogen, according to a new study published in Environmental Science & Technology.
The gas pipeline and gas cylinders used to supply gas contain simple hydrocarbons. Usually it is methane and propane, as well as some other additives. This gas burns with the release of heat, but when completely burned, not only harmless water and carbon dioxide are formed, but also dangerous substances.
The researchers in their work drew attention to benzene, one of the compounds formed during the combustion of gas. Benzene is the simplest aromatic compound, which in its pure form causes irritation of the skin and mucous membranes, can accumulate in the body and pollute the environment. Its carcinogenic properties are especially worrisome, as it can lead to various types of cancer, especially malignant diseases of the hematopoietic system and bone marrow.
The study was conducted in 87 households, and scientists found that a burning gas stove or an oven heated to approximately 180 degrees emits significant amounts of benzene into the air - more than when smoking a cigarette. Therefore, cooking on a gas stove can be more dangerous than passive smoking.
By itself, household gas contains a very small amount of benzene, about a hundred times less than the products of its combustion, the authors of the study note. Also, when experimenting with stove-top roasts (such as bacon and salmon), benzene was not detected.
Benzene cooked on the stove quickly spreads throughout the room where the gas stove or oven is located. It easily penetrates into neighboring rooms and lingers in the air for several hours. The concentration of benzene in bedrooms exceeds the allowable limits set in many countries.
Scientists note that good ventilation of the room helps to reduce the concentration of benzene. However, conventional hoods over the stove cope with this task inefficiently.
In this regard, electric and induction stoves, which are alternatives to gas stoves, seem to be much safer. They emit 10-50 times less benzene, and in the case of induction cookers, it was not detected.
|
Other interesting news:
▪ New FLUKE 87V Digital Multimeter
▪ Swallow surgeon
▪ Transforming Drone from Samsung
▪ Records are a matter of chance
▪ Cooling without electricity
News feed of science and technology, new electronics
Interesting materials of the Free Technical Library:
▪ site section Parameters of radio components. Article selection
▪ article Natural emergencies of meteorological origin: hurricanes, tornadoes, storms. Basics of safe life
▪ article What is the twenty-fifth frame? Detailed answer
▪ article Meat mixer. Standard instruction on labor protection
▪ article Medicine. Directory
▪ article Charger for 12-volt batteries 4,5 Ah. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering
Leave your comment on this article:
All languages of this page
Home page | Library | Articles | Website map | Site Reviews
www.diagram.com.ua
2000-2024
Arabic
Bengali
Chinese
English
French
German
Hebrew
Hindi
Italian
Japanese
Korean
Malay
Polish
Portuguese
Spanish
Turkish
Ukrainian
Vietnamese