Garland Playing lights. Scheme, description

Free technical library

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RADIO ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
Free library / Schemes of radio-electronic and electrical devices

Garland Playing lights. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

Free technical library

Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Color and music settings

Comments on the article

Most "running fire" garland switches operate at a constant frequency. This quickly tires the eyes. It is proposed to build an automatic device with increasing switching frequency. To expand its capabilities, a manual mode was additionally introduced, which provides switching of garlands with a constant frequency.

Two generators are made on the DD1 chip (Fig. 1) and transistors VT1, VT2: controlled and control. The first, assembled on the elements DD1.1 and DD1.2, generates low-frequency rectangular pulses, which are integrated by the R5C5 circuit and amplified by the VT3 transistor. The sawtooth pulses and long duration obtained in this way through the transistor optocoupler Y1 change the frequency of the controlled oscillator on the elements DD1.3, DD1.4. The higher the voltage at the output of the integrating circuit, the more the frequency at the output of the controlled generator depends on the linearly increasing voltage obtained at the output of the transistor VT3. Resistor R4 serves to change the rate of rise of the sawtooth voltage, and resistor R9 - to control the frequency of the controlled generator. Switch SA1 transfers the control unit from automatic to manual mode. From the output of the element DD1.4, the signal is fed to the pulse distributor and frequency divider.

(click to enlarge)

The pulse distributor is made on DD4 and DD5 microcircuits. From pins 11 and 12 of the counter-divider DD4, the pulses are fed to the inputs of the comparison element of the DD5 chip. If the pulses are low, there is a high logic level at the output of DD5. In other cases, the output of DD5 will be low. The received pulses are fed to the thyristor control unit (TCU). The SA7 switch reverses the "running lights".

On microcircuits DD2, DD3, a frequency divider by 2, 4, 8, 16 is made. From its output, the pulses go to input 4 of the BUT, designed for additional lighting of the Christmas tree at certain intervals. Switches SA2-SA5 are used to select the frequency division factor, SA6 switches the fourth garland to a constant voltage.

A schematic diagram of the thyristor control unit (TCU) is shown in Figure 2. An asymmetric rectangular pulse multivibrator is made on the DD6 microcircuit, the output of which is connected to the input (pin 8) of the DD6.3 element, which acts as an electronic key. If there is a logic 9 at pin 6.3 of DD1, then current pulses flow through winding 1 of the pulse transformer T1, inducing EMF in the secondary winding, which opens the trinistor VS1. T1 is intended for galvanic isolation of the control device with the power part of the trinistor.

(click to enlarge)

As a power source, you can use any stabilized rectifier with an output voltage of +5 V and a load current of about 300 mA.
In the automatic switching device, constant resistors MLT-0,125 or MLT-0,25, variable SPO-0,5 are used. Capacitors of control and power units - K50-6, BUT - KM-6a. Possible replacement: VT1-VT3 - KT315 with any letter index.
Microcircuits of the 155 series can be replaced with similar series: 133, 134, 531, 555. Power thyristors KU201K must be selected for a voltage of at least 300 V (KU201K, KU201L, KU202K, KU202L, KU202M, KU202N).
The pulse transformer T1 is wound on a K20-12-6 ferrite ring with a PELSHO 0,25 wire. The primary winding has 40 turns, the secondary - 50. The windings must be well insulated from each other with varnished cloth or other insulating material.
For garlands, you can use 13,5 V or 24 V bulbs.
The control unit and the RCU are assembled on a printed circuit board 130 x 125 mm in size, made of double-sided foil fiberglass 2 mm thick. Parts layout - here, PCB drawing - here.

The power section is mounted on a textolite board measuring 90 x 100 mm. The power section board is mounted with 20 mm high posts on top of the printed circuit board.

Switches, variable resistors R4, R9 are installed on the front panel made of aluminum 2-3 mm thick. The case measuring 150 x 160 x 90 mm is made of plywood 10 mm thick and pasted over with a decorative "wood-like" film.

Author: V. Bolotov; Publication: cxem.net

See other articles Section Color and music settings.

Read and write useful comments on this article.

<< Back

Latest news of science and technology, new electronics:

Energy from space for Starship 08.05.2024

Producing solar energy in space is becoming more feasible with the advent of new technologies and the development of space programs. The head of the startup Virtus Solis shared his vision of using SpaceX's Starship to create orbital power plants capable of powering the Earth. Startup Virtus Solis has unveiled an ambitious project to create orbital power plants using SpaceX's Starship. This idea could significantly change the field of solar energy production, making it more accessible and cheaper. The core of the startup's plan is to reduce the cost of launching satellites into space using Starship. This technological breakthrough is expected to make solar energy production in space more competitive with traditional energy sources. Virtual Solis plans to build large photovoltaic panels in orbit, using Starship to deliver the necessary equipment. However, one of the key challenges ... >>

New method for creating powerful batteries 08.05.2024

With the development of technology and the expanding use of electronics, the issue of creating efficient and safe energy sources is becoming increasingly urgent. Researchers at the University of Queensland have unveiled a new approach to creating high-power zinc-based batteries that could change the landscape of the energy industry. One of the main problems with traditional water-based rechargeable batteries was their low voltage, which limited their use in modern devices. But thanks to a new method developed by scientists, this drawback has been successfully overcome. As part of their research, scientists turned to a special organic compound - catechol. It turned out to be an important component that can improve battery stability and increase its efficiency. This approach has led to a significant increase in the voltage of zinc-ion batteries, making them more competitive. According to scientists, such batteries have several advantages. They have b ... >>

Alcohol content of warm beer 07.05.2024

Beer, as one of the most common alcoholic drinks, has its own unique taste, which can change depending on the temperature of consumption. A new study by an international team of scientists has found that beer temperature has a significant impact on the perception of alcoholic taste. The study, led by materials scientist Lei Jiang, found that at different temperatures, ethanol and water molecules form different types of clusters, which affects the perception of alcoholic taste. At low temperatures, more pyramid-like clusters form, which reduces the pungency of the "ethanol" taste and makes the drink taste less alcoholic. On the contrary, as the temperature increases, the clusters become more chain-like, resulting in a more pronounced alcoholic taste. This explains why the taste of some alcoholic drinks, such as baijiu, can change depending on temperature. The data obtained opens up new prospects for beverage manufacturers, ... >>

Random news from the Archive

too good memory 13.03.2007

Psychologists from the University of California (USA) are studying a woman with an unusually good memory. Six years ago, she herself turned to scientists to complain about the fact that she remembers every day of her life, starting at the age of 14 (she is now in her early forties). The patient, known only by the initials A.J., says that memories come into her mind, she is unable to control them, and they disturb her terribly.

Psychologists performed various tests on A. J.. For example, once they asked her to remember all the Easters in the last 24 years. In 10 minutes, she named all the dates, making a mistake only in one case, and told what she did on the corresponding days.

People with abnormal memory capacity have been known before, but usually they remember data of little interest and irrelevant to their life, for example, an entire telephone book of a large city or thousands of digits of pi. In addition, as a rule, their intelligence is lowered. A. J. is of average intelligence, college graduate, married, working.

It seems that she has some kind of abnormality in the left frontal lobe of the brain, like people with autism or obsessive neurosis.

Other interesting news:

▪ Remains of ancient giants found

▪ Solar Impulse 2 completes round-the-world flight

▪ Robot conveying emotions while reading

▪ Laser lens for electrons

▪ Electronic noses for livestock farms

News feed of science and technology, new electronics

Interesting materials of the Free Technical Library:

▪ radio section of the website. Article selection

▪ article Not to have a place to lay your head. Popular expression

▪ article What is the Flying Dutchman? Detailed answer

▪ article Machinist (fireman) of the boiler room. Job description

▪ article Sawdust instead of fuel oil. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

▪ article Where does the sound come from? Focus Secret

Leave your comment on this article:

All languages of this page

Home page | Library | Articles | Website map | Site Reviews