Automatic light effects on the chip K556RT4. Scheme, description

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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RADIO ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
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Automatic light effects on the chip K556RT4. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

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Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Color and music settings

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This machine is designed for sixteen programs, each of which consists of sixteen combinations. Therefore, it is possible to implement combined lighting effects in one program, for example, "running lights" forward and backward, "running shadow" forward and backward, "cumulative switching on and off". The best light effect is obtained when the light sources are arranged in the form of a chain or garland.

The machine implements automatic selection of programs for switching light sources. The machine has three modes of operation. In the first mode, automatic enumeration of all programs is provided, with each program repeated ten times, after which a transition is made to the next program and, accordingly, to another lighting effect. This mode uses all the features and benefits of this machine.

The second mode provides for the continuous repetition of one program for switching light sources. To do this, it is necessary to switch the operating mode of the machine during the execution of the desired program. It is possible to search through programs in order to quickly find the desired program. The third mode of operation provides a constant glow of all light sources. It is designed to quickly detect burned out lamps.

Schematic diagram of the automatic lighting effects and power supply is shown in fig. 1. The machine consists of a master pulse generator (DD1.1 and DD1.2), a short pulse shaper (DD1.3 and DD1.4), a lighting effect selection circuit (DD2), a program selection circuit (DD3, DD4), a constant programmable storage device (DD5), transistor switches (VT2-VT5) for thyristor control (VS1-VS4).

Automatic light effects on the chip K556RT4. Schematic diagram of the lighting effects machine

The machine works as follows. When power is applied, the pulse generator, assembled on the logic elements 2I-NOT DD1.1 and DD1.2, starts to generate pulses. The frequency of these pulses can be changed by a variable resistor R3, while the speed of switching light sources will change. These pulses are fed through the short pulse shaper to the counting input of the counter DD2. Outputs 1, 2, 4, 8 of this counter are connected to address inputs A0-A3 of PROM DD5. The DD2 counter provides sequential enumeration of sixteen light combinations of one program. With the address inputs A4-A7 PROM DD5 connected outputs of the counter DD4. This counter provides a selection of sixteen programs for switching light sources. With the help of the DD3 counter, each program is repeated ten times. In the first mode of operation of the machine (position "1" of the switch SB1), the counting input of the counter DD3 receives a sequence of pulses from the transfer output of the counter DD2 (pin 12). In position "M" switch SB2 pulses from the transfer output of the counter DD3 arrive at the counting input of the counter DD4. The program switches to the next one.

If the switch SB2 is in position "B", then the pulses from the transfer output of the counter DD2 are fed to the counting input of the counter DD4. Switching programs occurs without a tenfold repetition.

When the switch SB1 is set to position "2", the pulses from the transfer output of the counter DD4 will stop coming to the counters DD3, DD4. At the inputs A4-A7 of the EPROM DD5, that program will be fixed, the address of which was generated at the outputs 1, 2, 4, 8 of the counter DD4 at the time of switching the mode. This program will be repeated until switch SB1 is returned to position "1".

In the "Z" position of switch SB3, the third mode of operation of the machine is implemented. In this case, voltages corresponding to the logic level 1 will be generated at the outputs Q4-Q5 of the DD1 microcircuit, which will cause the glow of all incandescent lamps HL1-HL4. This greatly facilitates the search for burnt out incandescent lamps in chains, garlands, etc.

From the outputs Q1-Q4 of the DD5 microcircuit, the signals are fed to the emitter followers VT2-VT5. PROM outputs are made according to the open collector circuit, so the output voltage is taken from the load resistances R7-R10. Emitter followers control the operation of thyristors VS1-VS4, the anode circuits of which include incandescent lamps HL1-HL4. If you intend to use incandescent lamps with an operating voltage of 220 V, then you must use the VD6-VD9 rectifier bridge, as shown in the diagram. If the lamps are designed for a voltage of 120 ... 130 V, the diode bridge VD6-VD9 can be excluded.

If the lighting effects machine is far from light sources, it is advisable to introduce four LEDs to control the operation of the machine. The LEDs are turned on by the anodes to the emitters of the key transistors VT2-VT5, and by the cathodes to a common wire.

In the power supply unit of the machine, a transformer T1 with a power of 5 ... 10 W and with a voltage on the winding II of 7 ... 10 V. A self-made transformer is wound on a magnetic wire Sh 20X20: winding I contains 2640 turns of wire PEV 0,12, winding II - 100 turns of wire PEV 0,22. The KT807A transistor can be replaced with any of the KT815, KT817 series. For more reliable operation of the power supply, the VT6 transistor must be installed on a radiator. Instead of the KTS405E rectifier assembly, you can use a bridge of other rectifier diodes with suitable electrical parameters. Electrolytic capacitors C1, C3, C4 can be of type K50-6, K50-3. Capacitor C2 ceramic type KM, KT, KD. MLT type resistors or any other small-sized ones. Counter DD4 K155IE7 can be replaced by K155IE5, counter DD3 K155IE6 - by K155IE1, K155IE7. When replacing with K155IE7, the light source switching programs will be repeated not ten, but sixteen times. KU202N thyristors are used to control incandescent lamps, while the load current should not exceed 2 A. When thyristors VS1-VS4 are installed on radiators, the load current can reach 10 A.

It is impossible to present a complete EPROM programming map within the framework of this article, therefore, as an example, programming card for two programs for switching light sources (Table 1) . The first program implements the effect of "running fire and reverse of the running fire", the second program the effect of "cumulative switching on and reverse of the accumulating switching on".

Programming of the PROM K556RT4 is carried out by applying single programming pulses to the output of the corresponding programmable bit and to the power output. In this case, the corresponding jumpers in the internal encoder matrix of the microcircuit are burned out, which is equivalent to writing to the necessary bits of logical 1. To program the PROM K556RT4 in amateur conditions, you can use the programmer described in [2]. The author used the programmer, the scheme of which is shown in fig. 2 . Using the switches SA1-SA8, the address of the desired word is dialed, the switch SA9 selects the bit to be programmed. When you press the "Record" button, a single pulse generator, assembled on a DD1 chip, is triggered. From the output of the element DD1.4, a pulse with a duration of about 100 ms opens the key on the transistor VT1. The relay is activated for a short time, and a voltage of 10 ... 15 V is applied to the programmable bit and the power output of the PROM. If the unit is written to the desired bit, the HL1 LED should light up. If the unit is not recorded, repeat the write operation, increasing the voltage from 10 to 15 V. Relay RES-10 RS4.524.304, RS4.524.315 or RS4.524.317.

If during the operation of the machine it becomes necessary to increase the number of lighting effects, you can use several PROM chips by combining their outputs according to the "wiring OR" circuit. The address inputs of the microcircuits should be connected in parallel, and the choice of microcircuits should be controlled by the sample inputs (pins 13, 14 K556PT4) using switches. Using this feature, you can significantly increase the number of realized lighting effects.

It is desirable to mount the machine on a breadboard for microcircuits, using a thin stranded wire for connections, or on a specially prepared printed circuit board.

When working with a lighting effects machine, it should be remembered that its parts are galvanically connected to the mains voltage. Therefore, installation and adjustment should be carried out with the power supply turned off. The body of the machine is preferably made of a dielectric material.

Literature

Zolotarev A. Melnik V. Pozdnyakov Yu. Multifunctional automatic light effects. To help the radio amateur, Issue 95 p.52
Nazarov N. Programmer for K556RT4 microcircuits - To help the radio amateur, Issue 83 p.26
Analog and digital integrated circuits / Ed. S.V. Yakubovsky / M., Soviet radio, 1985

Author: A.Koval; Publication: cxem.net

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