Moving parts control device. Scheme, description

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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RADIO ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
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Moving parts control device. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

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Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Radio amateur designer

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The device, the scheme of which is shown in the figure, is designed to control moving parts in mechanical structures, such as tape recorders. It provides timely shutdown of the motor of the tape drive mechanism when the controlled units stop.

In cassette tape recorders, for example, as a result of electrification of the tape due to long rewinds, the evenness of the winding is sometimes disturbed and even the right core of the cassette stops, which leads to wrinkling and breakage of the tape. The use of a rotation control device avoids this disadvantage. To do this, black stripes are applied uniformly around the circumference on the cylindrical surface of the receiving unit. In the immediate vicinity of this surface, a light source (LED) and a receiver (phototransistor) are located next to each other so that optical coupling between them is provided due to reflection. In the design, an infrared LED was used, but it is possible to use an LED with radiation in the visible spectrum. In this case, the phototransistor must have sufficient sensitivity in the radiation spectrum of the diode.

Moving parts monitoring device

With the periodic appearance of filled and unpainted sections in front of the LED-phototransistor pair, voltage pulses appear on the resistor R2. Through the emitter follower on transistor V3, these pulses are transmitted to the amplifying stage on transistor V4. Reinforced, they drive the transistor V6. moreover, a positive drop opens this transistor, and a negative one closes it. When transistor V6 is closed, capacitor C4 is charged through resistor R8, when open, capacitor C4 is completely discharged through it. The voltage from the capacitor through the R9R10 divider is fed to the emitter follower on the V7 transistor, which controls the Schmitt trigger. It is made on transistors V8, V8. The capacitance of the capacitor C4 is chosen so that at a normal speed of rotation of the winding unit, it cannot be charged to the voltage required to trigger the Schmitt trigger, so the transistor V10 is open and the output has almost full supply voltage.

If the rotation speed of the winding assembly drops below a certain value - the voltage across the capacitor rises to a value sufficient to overturn the trigger, the V10 transistor closes, turning off the actuator.

Note. Domestic KT312V transistors can be used in the control device. B instead of SS216D, KT316A instead of SS218B and GT403A - D instead of GC301, as well as diodes D223 instead of SAY11 and D226 instead of SAY16. The device can use the FTG-3 phototransistor and the AL102A LED.

Literature

"Radio, ftrnsehtn, elektronik" (GDR), 1977, No. 10

Publication: N. Bolshakov, rf.atnn.ru

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