Night vision device with your own hands. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Security devices and object signaling

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Any body has the ability to emit or reflect IR (infrared) rays. On this principle, the "NVD" (night vision device) developed in 1984 by the German company "Elektrisch Manufactur" is built. This device is based on the internal photoelectric effect.

When projecting an IR image, the electrical conductivity of the irradiated areas of the photoconductor (2) (see Fig. 1) changes and a potential distribution is created on the adjacent electroluminescent layer (4) corresponding to the image brightness distribution on the photoconductor (2). To carry out this process, it is necessary to apply an alternating voltage of 250-500 Volts with a frequency of 400-3000 Hz and a current of not more than 10 mA to the extreme transparent electrodes.

So, let's start making NVD. The chemical elements necessary for the manufacture of the device can be obtained in any chemical laboratory of a school or a chemical laboratory of any enterprise. Let's start with two glass plates, tin chloride SnClz, silver, zinc sulfide ZnS (crystalline) and copper. Hold the glasses for 4 hours in a mixture of H2SO4 and K2Cr2O7 (potassium dichromate). Dry. Then take a porcelain cup, put SnCl2 into it and put it in a muffle (or electric) furnace. Above it at a distance of 7-10 cm, fix the glass. Cover the cup with a metal plate and turn on the oven.

As soon as it warms up to 400-480 degrees, remove the metal plate. As soon as the thinnest conductive coating is formed, turn off the oven and leave the glass in it until it cools completely. Check the coating with a tester. Then, on one of these plates, apply a photo-semiconductor. To do this, prepare equal amounts of a 3% solution of thiocarbamide Na4 C(S)NH2 and a 6% solution of lead acetate.

Pour both solutions into a glass vessel. Using tweezers, insert a glass plate into the solution and hold it vertically. But before that, apply varnish to the side free from the conductive coating. Wearing rubber gloves, pour a concentrated solution of alkali to the top into a vessel with plates /carefully!!/ and stir very gently with a glass rod, without touching the plates. After 10 minutes, remove the plate (carefully) and wash under running distilled water. Dry. Turn on the stove and place the silver in a clean china cup. Repeat the process above at 900 deg.

The coating is applied to a wafer with a photo semiconductor. Achieve a mirror film. To make a phosphor, prepare pure ZnS crystals. If there are any impurities, then the brightness of the glow drops sharply or disappears. Prepare the oven. Place pure copper in a porcelain cup. Copper and ZnS crystals should be as small as possible. Observe the proportion of ZnS - 100%, Cu (copper) - 10%. In the oven, circulate the copper vapor and pass it through the gaps between the crystals. The resulting crystals should not be crushed.

You should get a colorless powder. Mix zapon lacquer with crystals. Take the minimum amount of varnish possible. Pour the mixture onto a plate with a layer of silver and wait until it spreads completely and forms a smooth surface. Place a second sheet of conductive coating on top of the varnish and press lightly. After drying, seal the resulting NVD. Before all these operations, after applying a conductive coating, solder the wires as leads along the edges of the plates. 

Now it remains for you to assemble the high voltage generator circuit and assemble it all into a single package. It can be of any shape. But it is still recommended that the one proposed by the developer (see Fig. 2). The lens can be from any camera, preferably a short-focus one, for example, from FED, Smena-M. Any biconvex lens can serve as an eyepiece. After final assembly, check all connections for proper connection and tightness. Turning on the NVD should quietly squeak the transformer. If the image does not appear, do not despair. Change the generator frequency or voltage level. Set the maximum sensitivity.

Resistor R2 changes the frequency of the generator.
The transformer is wound on any core and contains:
Winding I contains 2000 - 2500 turns, wires - 0,05 - 0,1 mm;
Winding II contains 60 turns;
Winding III - 26 turns, wires - 0,3 mm.

Publication: cxem.net

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