Electronic hydraulic level. Scheme, description

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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RADIO ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
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Electronic hydraulic level. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

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Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Indicators, detectors

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When carrying out construction work, it is often necessary to accurately determine the parallelism of the horizontal surface relative to the ground. Some power tools (drills, punchers, etc.) have a small "level" built into the body (a liquid-filled glass cone with a bubble inside). The position of this bubble determines the angle of inclination of the device relative to the horizontal surface. Such devices are called "gyroscopes". They are quite common in many areas of production, construction, etc. There are also electronic gyroscopes - converters of inclination and angular velocity into an electrical signal.

Electronic gyroscopes of the brand "ENC-03J" and "ENC-03M" appeared on sale quite recently. They serve as state change sensors in camcorders and "cool" cameras to compensate for hand shake when shooting, as well as to determine their own movement. The electronic gyroscope has a high response speed (minimum inertia), low supply voltage (2.7..5.5 V depending on the model) and low current consumption (usually 5.15 mA). Linearity of the characteristic - ±5%, operating temperature range -5...+75°С. Unlike its mechanical counterpart, it is compact and lightweight (dimensions - 15x8x4 mm), weight (depending on the model) - 1..20 g. It does not contain fragile materials, has a shock and vibration-resistant body. Electronic gyroscopes are produced even in the CHIP version. which allows them to be used in miniature devices. Based on such an electronic device-sensor, it is possible to create a simple "horizontal" control device.

The sensor is a piezoceramic gyroscope "ENC-03J" (Fig. 1) manufactured by "Murala".

Electronic hydraulic level

I purchased it at the Mikronika radio components store in St. Petersburg. When the device is in a horizontal position, the constant voltage at pin 4 of sensor 61 (Fig. 2) is 1.3...1.4 V (at Un=5 V). Operational amplifier DA1 is connected according to the scheme with unity gain. The comparison voltage is supplied to pin 2 V1 through a low-pass filter R2-C2. which simultaneously acts as the feedback of the operational amplifier.

Electronic hydraulic level

When the horizontal position of the sensor changes, the voltage at the output (pin 4) of B1 changes in accordance with the conversion factor of 0,67 mV / ° per second. The sensor state polling frequency is about 50 Hz. The maximum angular velocity relative to the horizontal position is ±300° per second. The decoupling capacitor C1 forms, together with the resistor R1, a frequency filter with a cutoff band of about 0.3 Hz, and also does not pass the DC component of the voltage to the input of the operational amplifier DA1. When the horizontal position of the sensor changes, a high voltage level appears at the output DA1 (pin 6), which opens the key transistor VT1. As a result, the HL1 LED lights up.

Details. All fixed resistors are of the MLT-0.25, MF-25 type. Capacitor C1 is non-polar. K10-17, C2 - oxide tantalum. K52-x or K53-X. C3 - KM-6B. C4 - K50-20. If an autonomous power source (battery or accumulator) is used, C4 can be excluded from the circuit. LED - any (AL307 or similar) For better visual control, you can put a blinking LED instead of the operational amplifier KR140UD1208, you can use K140UD12-VT1 transistor - any silicon npn with a gain of more than 40. The power source for the device is stabilized, with a constant voltage of 3.. 5 The current consumption by the FNC-03J transmitter does not exceed 15 mA.

The device does not need adjustment Due to the high sensitivity of the B1 piezoceramic sensor, it is necessary to firmly attach it to the body of the device, which, in turn, must have the most even horizontal surface When mounting the device elements, do not overheat the sensor leads (soldering time - no more than 1 s) . The device is easy to use. It is simply mounted on a controlled surface (if tilt control is intended) or placed in a controlled environment (not liquid) for vibration evaluation.

When using a related device ENV-05F-03 as a vibration sensor, the parameters of the device are improved (increases the accuracy of indications and sensitivity). The negative point of such a replacement may be the maximum angular velocity. This device has less (± 80 °), but with this sensor, an operational amplifier is not needed. The wiring diagram of ENV-05F-03 is shown in Fig.3. The sensor has only three outputs. A voltage converter is assembled on silicon diodes VD1, VD2.

Electronic hydraulic level

The output of the device can be connected to the control node, for example, to point A (Fig. 2).

Author: A.Kashkarov, St. Petersburg

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Saint George
Hydraulic level??? I'm afraid this will turn out to be the simplest level, and so inaccurate that the hands will be torn out by the mountain builder who decides to use it ... I will not go into the details of the construction, but this is manilovism of the purest water! Purely theoretically, of course, you can use it as a regular level (this is completely different than a hydraulic level!), Adding a measuring device to it and marking it according to the NORMAL level! But why all this hemorrhoids, when any Chinese crooked hundred-ruble level will give him a head start of 1000 points!??

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