Miniature metal detector. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / metal detectors

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A miniature metal detector can be assembled on a single transistor. The design diagram is a kind of blocking generator. The metal detector sensor is a T1 transformer, mounted at the very end of the rod. The magnetic circuit of this transformer is not closed, and when it approaches a metal object, the inductance of the windings changes. The oscillation frequency of the generator also changes, and a signal of a different tone appears in the headphones.

For our metal detector, you will need a small output transformer from any tube receiver, radio or tape recorder. Remove all rectangular plates from the transformer core and leave only the W-shaped ones.

Transformer T1 can be made independently. It is wound on a core with a cross section of 2 - 5 cm2 from W-shaped plates. The primary winding contains 800-1000 turns of PEL 0,1-0,12 wire with a tap from the middle. The secondary winding has 100-200 turns of PEL wire with a diameter of 0,25-0,4 mm.

Transistor V1 is low-frequency, low-power from the MP39-MP42 series. Power source - battery 3336L or "Ruby".

Headphone B1 of any type (TM-2, TM-4, etc.).

All parts are mounted in a plastic case or in a can, for example, from candy. Mount this case on a wooden or metal handle 80-100 cm long.

If the installation is done correctly and all the details are in order, after turning on the power (toggle switch S1), an even sound signal should be heard in the headphones - a buzz or a squeak. The pitch is selected by changing the capacitance of the capacitor C1.

Having achieved stable operation of the generator, the lower part of the case, where the protrusions of the transformer core are located, is brought closer to a metal object. The tone of the sound should change dramatically. And the more audible, the closer this object is located. After adjustment, close the lower part of the case (to protect it from dust and dirt) with a thick cardboard cover.

Author: I.Efimov

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