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Music intoxication

18.07.2018

Some people feel drunk at the sound of music, and this is not a metaphor at all - not only music, but generally sounds of a certain frequency make them dizzy, nausea and loss of balance. Such a reaction can also occur to the human voice, to changes in atmospheric pressure, and even to a cough, and it is associated with a congenital pathology of the inner ear called dehiscence of the semicircular canals.

As you know, the inner ear is a system of bone cavities that form the cochlea (the organ of hearing) and the vestibule with the semicircular canals (the organ of balance). Usually, the organ of hearing and the organ of balance are isolated from each other by a bone wall. But in 1929, the biologist Pietro Tullio discovered that the bone between the cochlea and the semicircular canals is sometimes very thin, or there is a hole at all, and this is somehow related to the symptoms of "music drunkenness."

But what exactly happens in the inner ear with pathology when sounds of a certain frequency reach it? Researchers at the University of Utah describe this using the example of a toad fish, whose organs of hearing and balance are similar to those of humans.

The semicircular canals in us and in fish are filled with a special fluid, and when our body somehow moves, somehow changes its position in space, the fluid in the semicircular canals also moves, and its movement is sensed by special cells that send a signal to the brain. In turn, the brain, in turn, tries to coordinate the work of the muscles so as not to lose balance, to keep the eye on the right object, etc. On the other hand, the cochlea also has fluid that vibrates under the action of acoustic waves (which come here from eardrum and auditory ossicles) - these vibrations are felt by the auditory cells.

If the bone barrier between the cochlea and the semicircular canals is too thin, or when a fistula appears in it, then, as experiments have shown, mechanical waves intended for the organ of hearing penetrate into the organ of balance. As a result, it seems to the cells of the semicircular canals that we are moving, and the brain takes appropriate actions in response - and it seems to us that we are turning our head, while in fact we are not turning anything.

In especially severe cases, a person experiences nausea and loses balance. But even with a hole, not all mechanical waves can penetrate the organ of balance from the cochlea, but only those that have arisen in response to a certain sound frequency, therefore, pseudo-intoxication does not occur on any sounds. Semicircular canal dehiscence occurs in about XNUMX in XNUMX people, and although it is now treated with surgery, new data may suggest new, more effective therapies.

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