Microprocessor temperature sensor. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Computers

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Most of those who have ever opened the system unit of their computer in order to find out why the fan is so noisy had the idea that it would be necessary to assemble an automatic speed controller for its rotation. As a rule, there are no special difficulties with this, since many such devices have been developed [1–3]. The problem is different: where to buy or how to make a temperature sensor so thin that it can be placed as close as possible to the microprocessor. I offer one of the possible solutions to this problem.

The regulator [3] was taken as a basis, in which a transistor was used as a sensor. Since even the smallest transistors did not satisfy this requirement (it was not possible to purchase a frameless one), it was decided to disassemble some kind of powerful transistor. (I tried to disassemble the low and medium power transistors, but, as it turned out, their crystals are so firmly connected to the base of the case that all attempts ended in failure). After several attempts, it was possible to remove the crystal only from the KT825 series transistor. Here's how it's done. First, the case cover is cut off with a needle file, then the protective coating of the crystal is cut along the perimeter with a thin needle and everything superfluous is removed so that the coating remains only on the plate. After that, the base of the transistor body is heated with a soldering iron (the greater its power, the faster it will heat up). The crystal must be carefully pry with a needle all the time, and then it will separate as soon as the solder melts.

The sensor is almost ready, but it is very difficult to use it in this form: firstly, because the crystal leads cannot be soldered, and secondly, they are too thin and can easily come off. To prevent this from happening, a plate with dimensions of approximately 8x8 mm is cut out of foil fiberglass, the thinnest possible layer with foil is chipped off from it, and a printed circuit board is made in accordance with Fig. 1. Having irradiated the printed conductors, the crystal itself is soldered to the central platform, and the base and emitter leads are connected to the triangular areas of the upper (according to the figure) part of the board, and since they are not soldered, they will have to be copper-plated or neatly wound pieces of thin wire onto them and solder to the sites. The view of the finished sensor is shown in fig. 2.

A few words about the installation of the sensor. I originally used it with an Intel Pentium III processor without a protective cover. In this case, the sensor is lubricated with KPT-8 thermal paste, placed next to the microprocessor (Fig. 3a) and pressed down with a heatsink from above (which is why the thinnest possible sensor was needed).

To avoid electrical contact between the radiator and the current-carrying parts of the sensor, a thin (several micrometers) mica plate is placed between them. Subsequently, it turned out that this technology is also suitable for Intel Pentium 4 processors with only one difference - the sensor is not placed next to the microprocessor, but close to the protective cover (Fig. 3,6). With such an arrangement, the thermal resistance of the microprocessor crystal-sensor, of course, increases (there's nothing to be done), but still remains incomparably lower than in the case of mounting the sensor on top or on the side of the radiator. Naturally, for another processor, additional adjustment of the regulator was required.

Literature

1. Revich Yu. How to make a computer "silent". - Radio, 2002, No. 8, p. 25, 26.
2. Nvumov M. PC fan control. - Radio, 2002, No. 9, p. twenty.
3. Ridiko L. Cooler control (thermal control of fans in practice). - ixbt. com./cpu/tvp-thermal-control. shtmI

Author: R.Sereda, Orel

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