Garland fault finder with sound indicator. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering
Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Beginner radio amateur
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The seeker is assembled on three bipolar transistors (Fig. 1). One of them (VT1) does not have an initial bias and works as a threshold device, an amplifier and a signal detector induced in the WA1 antenna by an alternating electric field of the garland network wire.
Ris.1
The collector current pulses of the transistor VT1 charge the capacitor C1. The voltage from the capacitor is supplied to the AF generator, assembled on transistors VT2, VT3 and operating in standby mode. As long as the field is present, the generator is working and a high-pitched sound is heard from the BF1 headphone. As soon as the field disappears (when moving to the neutral wire at the break point), the sound stops.
In addition to those indicated in the diagram, transistors VT1 and VT2 can be KT312V, KT315G, any of the KT342 series; the transistor KT361B (VT3) will be replaced by KT351B, KT352B or any of the KT209 series. Resistors - MLT-0,125, capacitors - MBM or ceramic. Sound indicator BF1 - capsule DEM-4m, TK-67 or similar, with a resistance of 50 ... 150 Ohm. Antenna WA1 - a strip of tin attached to the inner end surface of the finder housing. The power supply is a 316V 1,5 or equivalent element. Since the current drawn by the searcher when not in use does not exceed a few microamps, there is no power switch. The power supply has to be replaced after 1-2 years, so you can solder conductors to the source leads and connect them to the appropriate circuits of the finder.
The details of the finder can be mounted on a printed circuit board (Fig. 2) and placed with a power supply and capsule in a suitable housing.
Ris.2
As a rule, the searcher does not need to be set up and starts working immediately. If you need to increase its sensitivity, you need to install an M3 screw or any other metal contact on the case and connect it with a conductor to the negative terminal of the power source. Touching the contact with your finger, move the finder with the end where the antenna is located, along the wiring and lamps of the garland (of course, included in the network). Listening to the sound from the capsule, they look for the place where it disappears. Here is the error.
Author: D.Bolotnik
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