Relay control at low voltage. Scheme, description

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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RADIO ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
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Relay control at low voltage. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

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Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Beginner radio amateur

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Of the limited range of electromagnetic relays available to a radio amateur, for some, the response voltage is often significantly lower than the voltage of the existing source, for others it exceeds it. If the former can be adapted to work by connecting in series with the winding of the limiting resistor, then the latter are unsuitable. Meanwhile, with a response voltage not exceeding 1,8 of the voltage of the power source, it is possible to adapt such a relay to work by connecting it to a source according to the above diagram.

Undervoltage relay control

In the initial state shown in the diagram, the capacitor is charged to the voltage of the power source. To turn on the relay, briefly press the switch button SB1. The capacitor turns out to be connected in series with the power source, which means that twice the voltage will be applied to the winding of relay K1. True, in the process of relay operation (5 ... 20 ms), until the self-holding contacts K1.1 are closed, the capacitor will be discharged. Its capacity should be such that by the time the contacts close, the total voltage of the capacitor and the power source still exceeds the relay operation voltage.

If the capacitor is selected with sufficient capacity, the remainder of the charge will be "disappeared" through the contacts of the relay K1.1 and the pushbutton switch SB2. With this switch, when you press its button, the relay is de-energized. The contacts K1.2 of the control circuit open.

The calculation of the required capacitance of a capacitor (tens - hundreds of microfarads) is very complicated. It is faster and easier to determine it empirically.

The device can be simplified somewhat by using the diagram in Fig. 2 in the article by P. Aleshin "Disabling the on-board network" ("Radio", 1997, No. 2, p. 42). And, of course, it is desirable to include a current-limiting resistor shown in this diagram in the capacitor charging circuit.

Author: Yu.Prokoptsev, Moscow

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