Is there a thermometer without mercury? Detailed answer

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Is there a thermometer without mercury? Detailed answer

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Is there a thermometer without mercury?

We are so accustomed to the fact that thermometers consist of a thin tube filled with mercury that we rarely think about why this mercury is needed in this tube, that is, how this device works. A thermometer, or thermometer, is simply a device for measuring the amount of heat. Its principle of operation is that heat is able to influence various substances, changing them. We observe the changes taking place with the substance, and we believe that they occurred under the influence of a certain amount of heat. Mercury is used in thermometers for the simple reason that it reacts very quickly to an increase in temperature. The expansion of this material occurs evenly, and it is very clearly visible.

In modern mercury thermometers, heat causes the mercury to expand, its top mark begins to move up a narrow glass tube, and the scale on the thermometer shows us how high it has risen. Alcohol, for example, can also be used in thermometers. But using it leads to certain problems. It boils easily, and so alcohol is of little use in measuring high temperatures. But on the other hand, it is very convenient for measuring extremely low temperatures. There are other types of thermometers that do without liquids at all. Instead, two metals are used, for example. Iron and brass plates are connected by twisting into a spring. One end of this spring is fixed, and the other is provided with an arrow pointer and can move freely. These metals expand and contract in different ways.

As the temperature changes, the spring twists and unwinds, and these movements move the pointer along a circular graduated scale. By attaching a writing device to a pointer and supplying a thermometer with a rotating paper tape, we get a thermometer that will record information about changes in temperature for an arbitrarily long period of time.

Author: Likum A.

Random interesting fact from the Great Encyclopedia:

What do ants eat?

The only place where you won't find ants is on the tops of very high mountains. It is hard to imagine that there are thousands of different kinds of ants.

Let's talk about some unusual gastronomic features of ants. The reaper ant collects the seeds of some grass common to the area and carries them to the nest. Here the seeds are sorted and stockpiled as food supplies.

Other ants are dairy farmers. They contain herds of plant lice, or "aphids" as they are called. They milk them by striking their flanks until the sweet liquid they produce oozes out. Ants take great pleasure in honeydew, or milk, and therefore take great care of their "cows".

And there are ants that live in mushrooms - and nowhere else. The mushrooms they eat must grow on something. And the ants take special care of their soil.

There are also miller ants. One species of ant has a special kind of worker with a huge head. Powerful head muscles allow you to work the jaws and engage in grinding. These worker ants are truly the millers of the colony. They grind grains brought by ordinary workers. After the harvest season, the millers are killed and their heads are bitten off. This is done so that there are no additional eaters.

One species of ant maintains household food supplies. When worker ants bring flower nectar, special colony ants take and swallow it. In winter, other inhabitants of the colony come to them and get enough food from their mouths. So they eat until the next season.

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