Asynchronous electric motors. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering
Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Electricity for beginners
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The design of an asynchronous electric motor is based on a rotating magnetic field. An electric motor in which a rotating magnetic field interacts with the current in the rotor windings generated by the same magnetic field is called asynchronous (non-simultaneous). Three-phase asynchronous motors have 2 main parts: a stationary part - the stator and a moving part - the rotor.
In order to increase the engine torque and reduce energy losses that are spent on heating the engine, it is necessary to create conditions under which currents will be induced not throughout the entire thickness of the rotor, but only on its surface. For these purposes, the rotor is made not in the form of a solid cylinder, but from steel sheets isolated from each other. These sheets are made with grooves into which copper or aluminum rods are placed.
The ends of these rods are soldered into rings. The rotor becomes similar to a squirrel wheel, as a result of which this type of rotor winding is called exactly that - a squirrel wheel. Due to this manufacturing method, the rotor becomes short-circuited.
An asynchronous motor with a squirrel-cage rotor is the simplest electric motor, widely used in industry and everyday life.
Author: Smirnova L.N.
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