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Glasses will always be clean

31.07.2003

Japanese engineers from the Tokyo Industrial University have learned how to make glasses that never fog up and practically do not get dirty.

After a complex process of treatment with carbon dioxide, an ultra-thin (several microns) film of fluorine molecules forms on plastic lenses. It serves as a durable protection against drops of moisture and all kinds of pollution, including fingerprints.

According to experts, such lenses will not fog up even in the bath. The developers, however, admit that, at least at the first stage of commercial implementation, glasses with such lenses will be significantly more expensive than usual ones.

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22nm transistor 26.12.2012

Specialists of the Institute of Microelectronics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (IMECAS) in Beijing have created a field-effect transistor with a gate length of 22 nm. The transistor uses HKMG (high-K metal-gate) technology. The development is said to be the key to creating more advanced chips, which will allow China to save on imports of high technology and increase the competitiveness of Chinese chips in the global market.

Project participants note that they managed to achieve "world-class performance and low energy consumption." Recall that Intel, which has the most advanced technologies for the production of microcircuits, now produces processors using 22-nanometer technology. Major contract manufacturers such as TSMC and Globalfoundries have not yet commercialized such technologies and are now manufacturing products in 28nm.

For many years, China was unable to gain access to advanced semiconductor manufacturing technologies, as their export from Western countries was limited first by the activities of the CoCom committee, and then by the terms of the Wassenaar Arrangement. However, by supplementing its own developments with licensing, China has managed to move quite far.

Currently, the leading Chinese semiconductor contract manufacturer Semiconductor Manufacturing International manufactures products using 40nm technology. Up to 65 nm, the company developed technical processes independently. To avoid the expense of building its own 45nm technology, SMIC licensed it from IBM in late 2007. In 2008, the Chinese manufacturer included in its plans the development of 40 and 32 nm standards.

Work on the creation of 22-nanometer transistors was started in China in 2009 as one of the main national scientific projects.

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