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Battery voltage indicator on the K1003PP1 chip. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

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Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Automobile. Batteries, chargers

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The indicator allows you to control the voltage of the car's on-board network in four ranges.

Battery voltage indicator on the K1003PP1 chip

When the battery voltage is less than 11 volts, the red LED - VD1 is on, with a normally charged battery in the range from 11,1 to 13,2 volts, the green LED VD2 is on, in the range from 13,4 to 14,4 volts, the yellow LED is on - VD3 , and when overvoltage exceeds 14,6 volts, the red LED VD4 lights up.

The adjustment of the circuit consists in adjusting the range of a normally charged battery (10 ... 12 V) with a 13,8K potentiometer. The phototransistor regulates the brightness of the LEDs depending on the ambient light. You can not set it at all, then the brightness will be maximum. LEDs can be applied any according to the color.

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A conventional transistor consists of two electrodes for the current-carrying channel and another electrode for controlling the channel (gate). Gate control allows current to pass through the transistor or to turn it off. Almost all modern digital electronics is based on this principle. Researchers from the Technical University of Vienna (TU Wien) proposed adding two additional electrodes to the transistor structure and connecting them with the thinnest pure germanium (Ge) thread. And it brought success.

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