Voltage stabilizer for car battery. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering
Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Automobile. Batteries, chargers
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When going on a trip by car, many of you are not averse to taking a radio or tape recorder with you, operating from 9 volts. It is convenient to feed them, of course, from the on-board network of the car. But its voltage, firstly, is 12,6V and, moreover, fluctuates within wide limits. This is where the proposed voltage stabilizer for batteries comes in handy.
The output voltage of the stabilizer is 9V, the maximum load current is 300 mA. When the load current changes from 20 to 300 mA, the output voltage changes only by 0,17v.
The stabilizer is protected against overload and short circuit at the output - when the current exceeds the maximum (300mA), the stabilizer will turn off.
The stabilizer consists of a regulating transistor VT1 and a comparison stage assembled on a transistor VT2, a zener diode VD1 and resistors R2-R5. Trimmer R4 sets the output voltage. Resistor R1 ensures the launch of the stabilizer (the appearance of an output voltage) when it is connected to a power source or after the output overload has been eliminated. The maximum load current corresponding to the protection threshold depends on the resistor R2. It increases as resistance decreases and vice versa. The minimum resistance is limited by the maximum allowable stabilization current of the zener diode.
Instead of KT814B, there can be any other transistor from the KT814, KT816 series, and instead of KT315G, any of the KT315 series.
The control transistor is mounted on a 15 x 20 mm duralumin radiator and attached to the board with it. As an XP1 connector - an adapter for a cigarette lighter socket (sold in car dealerships).
Establishing the stabilizer comes down to setting the output voltage of 9,1 ... 9,3V without load with a trimming resistor and selecting the resistor R1 - it must be of such resistance that the stabilizer can be reliably started without load both when it is connected to the vehicle's on-board network, and after elimination of a short circuit at the output. The output voltage when the resistor R1 is connected can increase by no more than 0,1 V. If you need to operate this device at a load current of up to 500 mA (naturally, you will have to select R2 for this option), the radiator for VT1 must be used larger.
See other articles Section Automobile. Batteries, chargers.
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