What is ammonia? Detailed answer

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What is ammonia? Detailed answer

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What is ammonia?

Ammonia is a colorless gas with a very pungent odor. Prolonged inhalation of ammonia can cause death. The term "ammonia" originates from a compound called "ammonium chloride" discovered near the Temple of Jupiter Ammon in Egypt.

The first to obtain pure ammonia was the English chemist Joseph Priestley. This happened in 1774, when it was called "alkaline gas".

Minor amounts of ammonia are present in the air during the decomposition of animals and vegetation. In small quantities, it can be part of rainwater. But for industrial use, ammonia is obtained artificially.

Ammonia contains nitrogen and hydrogen. When combined, ammonia is obtained. Nitrogen is obtained from air, hydrogen - from water. Both components are dried, heated, compressed, at a temperature of 530 ° C the mixture is passed through a combination of various salts, resulting in ammonia.

Ammonia is almost half as light as air. After compression and cooling, it turns into a liquid that resembles water, but boils at a temperature of minus 34 ° C. At the end of the compression, the ammonia evaporates. It also absorbs a lot of heat. That is why it is used in refrigerators.

The "home use" ammonia you might have at home is an aqueous solution of ammonia. It is added to water during washing.

When combined with acids, ammonia salts are obtained. Many of them are very useful. Ammonium chloride is used in welding, in the manufacture of dry power sources and in medicine. Ammonium sulfate is a good fertilizer. Ammonium nitrate is used as fertilizer and as an explosive. Ammonia also contains ammonium carbonate.

All these compounds are obtained by combining ammonia with the corresponding acid, however, some of these salts are formed in nature.

Author: Likum A.

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