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BIG ENCYCLOPEDIA FOR CHILDREN AND ADULTS
When did the Olympic Games start? Detailed answer
Directory / Big encyclopedia. Questions for quiz and self-education Did you know? When did the Olympic Games start? The biggest award an athlete can receive is an Olympic gold medal. Did you know that the idea of holding the Olympic Games is over 2500 years old? According to Greek legend, the Olympic Games were organized by Hercules, the son of Zeus. There is evidence that the first Games were held in 776 BC. e. on the fields of Olympia. They were held once every 1 years for a millennium, until in 4 AD. e. the Romans did not cancel them. The ancient Greeks considered the Games so important that they measured time by the intervals between them. Four years were called the Olympics. The Classical Olympic Games in honor of the supreme god Zeus have been held in Greek Olympia every four years since 776 BC. e. Wars stopped during the Games. Only free male citizens were allowed to participate in them, who competed in sprint and long distances, in pentathlon (javelin throwing, running, jumping, discus throwing, wrestling), the so-called pankration (fistfight and wrestling), as well as in chariot races. Philosophers and poets took part in the Games, presenting their works there. In 394, the Roman emperor Theodosius banned them as "demonic games." They were resumed in 1896 in Athens (Olympic Games of our time) on the initiative of Baron de Coubertin. Both men and women participate in them. Since 1924, the Winter Olympic Games have also been held. The number of Olympic sports is constantly growing. Games were the embodiment of the Greek ideal that the body, like the mind and soul, should be developed. Nothing could interfere with the holding of the Games; even if there was a war, it had to stop. 15 centuries later, the French Baron Pierre de Coubertin had the idea of resuming the Olympic Games. In 1894, at his suggestion, an international congress of 15 states was convened. This congress unanimously recognized the need to revive the Games and hold them regularly, once every four years. Two years later, the first modern Olympic Games were held in a rebuilt stadium in Athens, Greece. Today's Games include sports that did not even exist in antiquity, such as basketball, water polo, football, cycling, shooting, field hockey. The modern Olympic Games are organized by the International Olympic Committee. And each country has a National Olympic Committee, which is responsible for its country's participation in the Olympic Games. Author: Likum A.
Why do birds sing? Birdsong is one of the most beautiful sounds in nature. Sometimes, getting outside the city, we hear birds singing, and it may seem to us that they are talking to each other. Indeed, birds communicate with each other, just like many other animals. Of course, birds can express pleasure, just as we do when we exclaim "Oh!" or "Ah!". A hen makes sounds that warn her chicks of danger and encourage them to duck to the ground. She then gives another signal, calling them together. When wild birds fly at night, they scream. This allows them to stick together and helps the lost to return to the pack. But the language of birds is different from our speech. We use special words that express our thoughts. Birds don't learn their own language. This is an innate instinct. In one experiment, a chicken was isolated from roosters and hens so that it could not hear the sounds they made. But when he grew up, he made the same sounds as the chickens who lived in the chicken coop. But this does not mean that birds do not learn to sing at all. In fact, some birds can reproduce the songs of others. This is where the polyphonic mockingbird got its name. If the sparrow is among the canaries, it makes great efforts to sing like them. If a canary gets into the company of nightingales, it can imitate their singing quite well. And we know well how a parrot mimics the sounds it hears. So we can say that although birds are born with the ability to sing, some learning still takes place. Did you know that birds have their own dialects? It turns out that the songs of the same bird species sound different in different parts of the world. This suggests that, in addition to instinct, much in the life of birds affects the ability to sing.
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