Heating system based on heat pumps. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering
Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Alternative energy sources
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CJSC OKB "Karat" develops and manufactures seven standard heat pump units (HPU) of various capacities: 5, 10, 18, 25, 30, 50 and 60 kW.
Marking of heat pump installations - TNU-KR-N.
N is the power value of the heat pump installation.
Installation Description
HPU-KR-M consists of one or two evaporative-condenser circuits (ECC), a boiler, a low-grade heat extractor circuit (LHP). HPP also includes circulation pumps and main connecting pipes.
HPI is designed to produce hot water, which is used for heating residential and non-residential premises, as well as for hot water supply (DHW) for domestic and household needs.
HPP can be used in a wide range of residential and non-residential premises. These can be low-rise residential buildings, social facilities of garrisons: medical units, schools, kindergartens, libraries, clubs. In addition, HPP can be used for heating gas stations, repair shops, hangars, warehouses, arsenals, technological posts and other utility rooms.
Design and operation features of HPP-kr-10
ICC is made in the form of a cabinet in which the main units are located: compressor (compressors), evaporator, condenser, receiver, cooler, thermostatic valve, control equipment and other structural elements fig. 8.4.
Fig.8.4. General view of TNU-kr-10
The boiler is made in the form of a cylindrical container, consisting of two tanks placed one inside the other. The outer tank contains water directed to the heating devices, the inner tank heats the water supplied to the points of consumption of the DHW system. The boiler can be made without an internal tank if there is no need for domestic hot water. NPT heat extractors are structurally made in several variants:
- earthen pipeline made of a polyethylene pipe laid in the ground Fig. 8.5, b.
- a compact structure made of interconnected copper tubes, installed on the bottom of a reservoir, lake, river or in a special cuvette filled with running drinking or waste water;
- U-shaped heat extractor lowered into the well.
The design features of HPP are their simplicity, reliability, automatic operation and lack of maintenance personnel. Switching on is carried out by turning the switch and setting the desired temperature.
If necessary, developed and supplied can pass the control of acceptance of MO, available OKB "Karat".
a)
b)
Fig.8.5. a) Structural scheme of HPP. b) Scheme of laying earthen pipeline and installation of HPP in the house
Table 8.3 gives the technical characteristics of the TN "Karat".
Table 8.3. Technical characteristics of heat pump units developed by OKB "Karat"
(click to enlarge)
(click to enlarge)
Notes: * - the first digit - average insulation (60 W/m2), the second - good insulation (30 W/m2); ** - weight is indicated without taking into account the mass of water and the mass of the heat extractor.
Author: Magomedov A.M.
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