Mercerization of paper fabric and yarn. simple recipes

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FACTORY TECHNOLOGIES AT HOME - SIMPLE RECIPES
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Mercerization of paper fabric and yarn. Simple recipes and tips

Factory technologies - simple recipes

Directory / Factory technology at home - simple recipes

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When treated with a strong solution of caustic soda, paper fabrics and yarns acquire significant strength and luster. This treatment, named after the inventor Mercer - mercerization, is used to refine fabrics, make them silky and is practiced as a preparatory operation for dyeing. When the material is treated with a strong sodium hydroxide solution, the strength of the material increases and the fibers are compressed, in which the material is shortened by about 20% of the original length, which in turn contributes to better dyeing with less dye consumption.

The usual method of mercerization is that the fabric is immersed in a straightened form in a bath of strong (30 °Be) cold sodium hydroxide solution, after which it is washed with cold water, then with a weak solution of sulfuric acid, then again with water and finally wrung out and dried. Mercerization is practiced in tension and mercerization under pressure. These methods give a greater silky sheen and a better appearance. In practice, mercerization is carried out in special devices, on which yarn or fabric is wound. Sometimes yarn in skeins is also mercerized. To achieve the best results when mercerizing, the following conditions must be observed:

The yarn must be pre-boiled evenly and well. For boiling, 4% soda ash, 0,5% Petrov's contact or 2% soap by weight of yarn or fabric are used. Boil 3-4 hours.

The material should go to the mercerization well and evenly pressed. On the machine, the material must be spread evenly.

The most suitable concentration of caustic soda is 30 °Be.

The solution temperature must not exceed 18 °C.

The processing time is 0,5-2 minutes.

When processing with caustic soda, the material must be in a taut position. Without stretch, the yarn shrinks a lot and gives little sheen.

The best brilliance, approaching the brilliance of silk, can be obtained on yarn from long-staple Egyptian or American cotton of a special sheer twist.

After thorough washing, the material goes to bleaching or dyeing. Mercerization is also used without tension, mainly for knitwear. In this case, the process is modified as follows.

The material is boiled in the usual way, washed, squeezed and dipped for 20-30 minutes in a solution of caustic soda with a strength of 10-12 °Be. Processing is carried out in an ordinary iron barge at room temperature on sticks, as in dyeing. Next, the material is removed, the excess liquid is allowed to drain and rinsed well in cold water. Subsequent bleaching and dyeing are carried out in the usual way.

Author: Korolev V.A.

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