Printing inks. simple recipes

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FACTORY TECHNOLOGIES AT HOME - SIMPLE RECIPES
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Printing inks. Simple recipes and tips

Factory technologies - simple recipes

Directory / Factory technology at home - simple recipes

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Good ink should have a brilliant color, be uniform, strong, durable. It should dry quickly, be easily washed off the type, not blur on the paper, not soak through the paper, and not have an unpleasant odor.

For printing ink, use the best linseed oil, since poor varieties give a reddish tone and have an unpleasant odor. Oil purification is carried out by prolonged heating with 3% strong sulfuric acid. Heating is carried out at a temperature not exceeding 100 °C. Then the oil settles, drains without sediment and is washed with warm water until the last traces of sulfuric acid disappear, which is tested with litmus paper. The oil purified in this way has a light yellow color and is completely odorless. When cooking, you must keep in mind that oil purified with sulfuric acid boils very violently, so it is advisable to take all measures to prevent the escaped oil from touching the flame. To avoid this, the boiler should be filled no more than halfway. Heating proceeds quickly, and the oil boils, emitting a special rattling sound when bubbling, produced by water vapor escaping from the oil.

When the oil is freed from water, it will boil more calmly, gradually darken and thicken. With further heating, the oil begins to decompose into gases (vapors). First, bubbles appear in hotter places, i.e. at the walls of the boiler. The oil then swells, spreading a sharp, unpleasant smell of decomposition products. At this time, you need to watch the oil to prevent the formation of large gas bubbles inside the mass, which can throw the oil out of the boiler.

If the furnace does not allow a quick decrease in fire, then you need to pour less oil, and keep some of it in reserve so that by pouring in cold oil you can cool the oil that is boiling too hot in the boiler. Regulating the heating of the oil so that the oil boils more slowly and does not boil away from the boiler, it is necessary to boil it until the cooled drop of oil stretches between the fingers in a thread up to 10 cm in length. When this is achieved, the drying oil is ready and allowed to cool.

The larger the print should be (for example, for posters) and the sooner the paint should dry (for example, for newspapers), the less drying oil should be boiled. For artistic printing, drying oil is boiled thicker and therefore the paint is more expensive. When cooking drying oil for printing ink, some substances can be added to it, such as, for example, pine resin, which reduces the boiling time, or soap, which makes the paint easier to wash off the type, or Parisian blue, which gives black ink a better tone. All these impurities must be in a completely purified, dry and crushed form. They are added to the drying oil when the decomposition of the oil begins and small bubbles appear near the walls of the boiler. For 50 parts of oil, take 20 parts of resin, five parts of soap and 0,5 parts of Parisian blue. With such impurities, drying oil is called printing varnish.

Sometimes expensive linseed oil, when cooking printing varnish, is replaced by cheaper products: 1) hemp oil, and the product comes out no worse, but has an unpleasant odor, and 2) resin oil, which has recently begun to be mined in large quantities by distillation of cheap resins, and the result is fairly cheap printing inks. 1000 parts resin oil, 400 parts resin, 100 parts soap.

Black printing ink

To obtain black printing ink, printing varnish is triturated with soot. For the best grades of paint, they take the best, more expensive carbon black and in sufficient quantities; for cheap grades, they take less and cheaper grades of carbon black. In the latter case, the paint is not black, but grayish with a red tint.

Rubbing soot with varnish is the most difficult operation in the manufacture of printing ink. The soot must be evenly mixed with the varnish. This is achieved by continuous grinding of the mixture.

Linseed oil	140	110	90
resin oil	240	240	240
Resin	210	210	210
resin soap	5	5	5
thick turpentine	5	5	5

These are cheap newspaper varnishes. Fast drying is achieved with resin oil, and density - with the addition of thick turpentine. The manufacturing method is very simple: resin is melted, resin oil is added, pieces of soap and turpentine are added and boiled for about 3 hours, with stirring, after which the varnish is allowed to settle.

Colored printing varnishes

To obtain a fine powder of paint, you need to have a mill for grinding paints, disk or roller. The latter is preferable, since the mass is rubbed thinner. Ordinary paints are used, and varnish is made from 16 parts of kerosene, 4 parts of glycerin, 4 parts of printing varnish, 1 part of caustic ammonia and 1 part of water.

The components are stirred, allowed to stand for 2 hours and then mixed with printing varnish. For gold paint, take: 10 parts of kerosene, 10 parts of glycerin, 4 parts of varnish, 1 part of caustic ammonia and 1 part of water. The cooking method is the same.

Author: Korolev V.A.

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