Devices for polishing products. Drawing, description

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Devices for polishing products. home workshop

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The processing of products with an abrasive tool (grinding) in most cases is a finishing and finishing operation that provides high cleanliness and surface quality. It is also used for peeling work - cleaning blanks from scale, removing scallops on castings, smoothing welds, as well as when sharpening all kinds of cutting tools.

It is not difficult to mechanize this work at home with the help of an electric drill or drill, fixing the appropriate abrasive in the cartridge. But just what you need is sometimes not at hand. However, the most common ones can be made by hand.

For grinding small pasto items, just an emery cloth wound on a metal holder is enough. To prevent the skin from turning, one of its edges is fixed in a special cut. Winding on the rod is performed in various ways, obtaining a tool of one form or another. In some cases, it is advisable to use rods with an annular protrusion: it prevents the sheet from slipping during operation.

From improvised materials and some waste, it is also possible to manufacture abrasive heads of various shapes, designed for processing and finishing shaped surfaces. Heads are formed from abrasive powder - dusty waste that accumulates under sharpening devices. They should be carefully rinsed to remove too fine particles and dust from the processed materials. Iron filings are removed with a magnet wrapped in a plastic bag: from time to time the magnet is removed, and the sawdust adhering to the bag is washed off with a stream of water.

Devices for grinding products
Rice. 1. Sanding sanders and mandrel for them

Devices for grinding products
Rice. 2. Solid abrasive heads and methods of their fit on the mandrel

Devices for grinding products
Rice. 3. Disc abrasive from the skin

Devices for grinding products
Rice. 4. Skin brushes

The finished powder is dried and sieved through a fine metal mesh. Then the abrasive is mixed with a binder - epoxy resin or silicate (clerical) glue. The resulting mass is brought to complete wetting. The mixture is stuffed into pre-prepared forms, similar in configuration to the surface to be treated. The material for the molds will be a paper cup, and a bag made of plastic film or foil, and a cartridge made of cardboard soaked in paraffin. In the abrasive mass that filled them, a recess or a through hole is squeezed out - under the metal leg for fastening in the cartridge. Such a holder is glued on epoxy, or it can be pressed into the mass itself during molding. If the finished working head does not have coaxiality with the leg, it should be turned while rotating with a coarse abrasive.

For sharpening cut-off disc cutters, saw chains, thin discs are required that would fit between the teeth. They are easy to obtain by gluing the reverse sides of two sheets of cloth-based emery cloth. It is better to do this with epoxy glue: it will impregnate the fabric and further strengthen the grains. While the resin is curing, the bag is placed under a flat heavy object.

Such a disk is not suitable for cutting narrow grooves in hard materials - others are needed, with grains not only on the sides, but also inside. You can also make such a tool yourself.

For example, a disk one millimeter thick is obtained by impregnating four layers of gauze with epoxy, on each of which an abrasive powder is sifted through a metal mesh. After compiling such a "sandwich", it is placed between sheets of polyethylene (epoxy does not stick to it) and left under the load until the resin cures. If necessary, the outer planes of the disc can also be coated with abrasive. The final shape is given with scissors for metal. Finished disks are fixed on special metal mandrels or on an ordinary bolt with a cut off head - using large diameter nuts and washers.

Devices for grinding products
Rice. 5. Detachable brush: 1 - nut. 2 - washer, 3 - rubber cylinder. 4 - skin, 5 - metal case-glass

Devices for grinding products
Rice. 6. Method for making a glass.

Devices for grinding products
Rice. 7. Cloth polishing wheel

For final high-quality or decorative sanding, make rotating abrasive brushes. First, a cylindrical base (beech, oak) is machined, holes are made in it for the leg and parallel cuts, into which strips of emery cloth lubricated with PVA glue are inserted. If such work has to be done often, the base should be carved from metal (duralumin) in the form of a glass with cuts, a rubber cylinder with similar cuts is placed into it, into which the petals of the skin are inserted. It remains to throw a washer and nut onto the threaded axial rod; when twisting, the rubber cylinder will squeeze, firmly grabbing the petals. With a glass diameter of 35 mm, 16 petals can be installed.

After fine grinding, it is sometimes necessary to polish the product. Of course, a felt circle is indispensable here. However, scraps of cotton or woolen fabric sewn in 6-8 layers are also suitable. Such blanks are put on the mandrel shaft until the desired overall thickness is obtained.

Author: N. Skvortsov

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