Swimming crossing. Travel Tips

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Swimming crossing. Travel Tips

Tourist tips

Swimming in a hiking trip can be used only when it is impossible to use other crossings. The current is considered weak - up to 0,5, medium - from 0,5 to 1, fast - from 1 to 2 and very fast - over 2 m / s. the width of the river is 1 m, for riding horses - up to 60 m / s and the width of the river is up to 2 m. You can swim across rivers 300-70 m wide using improvised floating equipment (boards, logs, car cameras, straw bags, etc. .) Well-trained swimmers using swimming aids can cross at current speeds up to 100 m/s.

To determine the speed of the current, it is necessary to mark a segment of the coast with some milestones and measure its length in meters. Throwing some floating object into the water, notice how long it takes to swim this distance. Divide the distance (in meters) by the time (in seconds) to get the speed of the river.

Determining the location of the crossing

When reconnaissance of a water obstacle in a particular place, it is necessary to determine (for an accurate calculation of the drift of the floating) the width of the river and the speed of the current.

When crossing wide rivers with a current of more than 0,5 m / s, there will always be a large demolition of those crossing. This drift can be reduced by increasing the speed of the crossing, but this requires a sharp increase in effort. So, for example, with a river width L = 100 m, flow velocity V1 = 1 m/s, and swimming speed V2 = 0,5 m/s, the drift value S will be equal to:

S = L / V2 x V1 = 100 / 0,5 x 1,0 = 200 m

Make sure that there are no unpleasant surprises waiting for you on the other side at the intended exit point. There should be no rapids, waterfalls, drowned trees and creases in the water from the starting point to the landing point.

Prepare

To keep a person on the surface of the water, an additional lifting force is required (taking into account the fact that 3/4 of the volume of the body of the swimmer is in the water), only for 1/4 of the volume (mass) of the swimmer, since only this part of the body is on the surface of the water;

To lift 1/4 of the volume of a body weighing 80-100 kg, it is necessary to have a floating facility with a lifting force of 20-30 kg.

Even good swimmers should use handy floats to save energy and keep gear dry. When swimming across the river, partially undress: having crossed to the other side, you will need to change into dry and warm clothes.

Floating objects - help with the crossing, use everything that floats on the water: fuel cans, plastic bags and bottles stuffed with dry grass, logs, etc.

Before crossing, you need to take off all your clothes, put them in a backpack, inflate a couple of football cameras (not very much) and put them in your backpack as well. The tied backpack should be placed in a large (not torn) plastic bag and tied on top. You can put all your things in such a bag, and put the bag into a backpack (tie the neck of the bag, fold it and tie it again), then only the backpack itself will get wet, and all things will remain dry after the crossing. Pack your clothes in a waterproof bag, leaving as much empty space as possible.

Place twigs and straw in the center of a piece of waterproof cloth or plastic sheeting to create air pockets, then lay clothing and equipment on top and secure.

A dry cloth allows air to pass freely, but if it is wet, it is able to retain air. Therefore, simple floats can be made from pillow cases, pants, shirts, sheets. Highlanders cross rivers on inflated ox or sheep skins.

You can make a raft to transport equipment. Do not forget that you cannot transfer everything at once. Firstly, it is more difficult, and secondly, there is a risk of losing everything at once.

Crossing

How to cross - dressed or not - should be decided based on the temperature of the water and air. The most comfortable style for swimming in clothes is the breaststroke, and for bad swimmers - like a dog, i.e. crawl without outstretched hands. When crossing by swimming in full gear, it is necessary to untie the braid on the trousers, turn out the pockets, and unbutton the buttons on the sleeves and collar. The boots are tucked under the belt so that the heels point inward and the toes point outward. The contents of the backpack are compacted, a raincoat is placed under its cover and the cover is tightened. The most valuable things are placed on top of the backpack. A gun belt over the head is worn under the armpits or on the right shoulder. The belt should not press under the armpits.

Never try to swim against the current to get to the right place on the shore. Even if you succeed, you will spend several times more energy than if you just started upstream. Enter the water upstream and let him carry you to your chosen point.

While swimming, watch for objects floating on the water. Avoid various obstacles and whirlpools. If you come across thickets of algae, then get out of them by crawling. Try to swim along the path already blazed by a good swimmer.

If you can't swim, don't try to get to the other side on your own - rely on others, or use some kind of floating object, holding on to it and swim, actively working with your legs. Do not try to sit on these makeshift floats and even lean on them with your whole body.

Things are best transported on a raft. To ensure that weak swimmers can swim across, their equipment and weapons can be transported on rafts made of logs, boards, and poles. The scouts, having laid equipment and weapons on the rafts, push them in front of them and swim themselves, holding on to them. If the current of the river is fast, then it is advisable to tie the raft with a rope to the hand, since the raft can quickly separate and float away along the river.

You can cross over on a rope stretched from coast to coast. In order for the rope to float, floats must be tied to it.

For swimming across wide rivers, it is advisable to make a raft. Log rafts are the most reliable, but they require a lot of labor and special skills. You can mold a raft from improvised material. The principle of manufacturing such rafts is the same - first they knit a frame, then they attach floats to it.

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