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PERSONAL TRANSPORT: GROUND, WATER, AIR
Coupe Pegasus. Personal transport
Directory / Personal transport: land, water, air The automobile studio "Pegasus", which builds cars of the same name, was founded in Yaroslavl in 2003 by Vadim Shustrov. At that time, he had just graduated from the Yaroslavl Polytechnic University. But behind him he had the experience of close communication with the guys from the design bureaus MAMI and NAMI. He was inspired to create his car by Pegaso brand cars, produced in small batches in 1950-1960 in Spain. In addition, Vadim liked English sports cars made using kitcar technology. Vadim Shustrov decided to build a light and compact two-seater coupe using components from mass-produced cars. This approach made it possible to make an original car from the most accessible units and assemblies. If necessary, it was possible to change the configuration and apply more advanced units and assemblies. The Oka car served as the base donor for the future car. Previously, only a sketch of the car was drawn in profile, vaguely reminiscent of the profile of Spanish cars, and a rough model was made of plasticine. An important part of the work was the production of a landing layout made of wood and metal, which made it possible to determine the dimensions of the frame and the layout of the car as a whole. The landing mock-up from below had the form of a "trough" formed by high sills and a bottom, in the area of the windshield and from above, a part of the roof from the "humped" ZAZ-965 was used for mock-up purposes. Seat frames were placed inside, behind which safety arcs were formed. By shifting the seats, the optimal fit, the position of the steering wheel and pedals were found. The front and rear suspensions of the car were supposed to be used from the front suspension of the OKA car with some changes. On the landing layout there was a special subframe, with attachment points for the suspension, steering rack and power unit. In addition, the serial "OKA" in the equipped state has a weight distribution close to the ideal 50/50 along the axes. This moment affected the geometry of its suspension - there are no significant changes in it. Thus, in order to form the chassis of the future car, it was necessary to provide the frame with attachment points for standard subframes and use them as conductors when welding. The base of the future car was found on the layout with the help of suspensions mounted on subframes. The wheel track has been widened to 1290mm compared to the donor's 1210mm. The construction of the landing layout was completed with the creation of a frame for the chassis of the car, consisting of three basic parts: the central part - with an integrated roll cage (crew part), the front part - with a subframe, front suspension and steering, the rear part - with a subframe, rear suspension and power unit. The material for the frame was pipes of rectangular, square and round sections of various sizes and a steel sheet 1 mm thick to form high thresholds, the bottom of the car and a fire bulkhead between the engine and the passenger compartment. Frame weight - 90 kg. On the welded frame, the chassis was pre-assembled and installed on the under-model plate, and work began on creating the appearance of the body. In fact, the shape of the roof and windshield, the boundaries of the doorways and the position of the wheels were found, it remained to form all this into an aesthetic body. To form the wings, special conical mock-ups were made, fixed above the wheels, the outlines of the radiator grille and the license plate frame were formed from plywood. The headlights are taken from a Daewoo Matiz, the taillights are from a Volkswagen New Beetle. The optics were fixed in place and set the shape of the body surfaces in the corners. Further lines were drawn using plywood templates and sculptural clay. Placing the chassis on a model plate made it possible to see the shape of the car, evaluate it and correct it as necessary. These were classic mock-ups on a 1:1 scale.
Basic data of the car "Pegasus Coupe"
The result of work on the body was a life-size model of a car made of plasticine, dissected by risks into parts. Draft matrices were removed from this layout, and rough fiberglass parts were glued on them. After that, all plasticine was removed from the frame, fiberglass rough parts were installed, interior elements, hinges and locks of opening panels were modeled. Next, the gaps between the panels were removed, the rough parts were covered with primer and puttied, then painted. Finishing matrices were removed from the aligned body panels, on which the finishing body parts were then glued. The body consists of more than a dozen fixed and hinged panels: hood and trunk lid, roof, two sidewalls, a pair of doors (glued together from two parts) and several other smaller elements. Thickness of fiberglass panels - 4 mm. The binder was a non-shrinking, fairly fluid, not very toxic epoxy composition "Etal-370". Massive hinged panels of the hood and trunk lid for greater rigidity sometimes have a sandwich structure: fiberglass (3 mm) - foam plastic (10 mm) - fiberglass (2 mm). The outer surface of the panels is formed by a layer of polyester gelcoat 0,5 mm thick, followed by two layers of fiberglass with a density of 220 g/m2, then three layers of glass mat with a density of 300 g/m2. The total weight of the body panels is about 65 kg. Upon completion of work on the body, work on the chassis resumed. The basic parts of the suspensions from the VAZ-1111 have undergone changes: four studs are used on the wheel hubs instead of three, wheel disks with a diameter of 14 inches with spacers 20 mm thick are installed to expand the track. Shock-absorber struts and springs of the "Plaza" company, originally intended for the "Oka" from the ring championship among juniors, were installed. Front suspension compression/rebound travel is 50/50 mm, rear suspension compression/rebound travel is 60/60 mm. The roll centers of the suspensions are close to the road surface, which contributes to minimal yaw on uneven roads. An anti-roll bar is used in the front suspension and the longitudinal angle of the shock absorber strut (castor) is increased to 6 degrees (to stabilize the steered wheels). Such minimal-travel suspension settings are only suitable for smooth trails; for roads with large bumps, they are too harsh.
Rebound travel front 50 mm / rear 60 mm
The power unit "Oka" has also undergone changes. The standard engine volume was increased to 850 cm3, a new camshaft and exhaust manifold were used, which made it possible to increase power from 33 hp. With. up to 48 l. With. The radiator of the engine cooling system and the stove are located in front of the machine. The coolant enters them through pipes running inside the right sill of the car. Two interconnected fuel tanks in the form of rounded triangular prisms with a total capacity of 30 liters are welded from aluminum and are located on the floor behind the seats. A limited slip differential is installed in the gearbox to prevent wheel slip. Also used the main pair with a gear ratio of 4,54 to compensate for the increased diameter of the wheels. Gear shifting is carried out by a rod passing under the gearbox. The brake system is dual-circuit "front - back", equipped with a vacuum booster, disc brakes on all wheels and a pressure regulator. The hand brake, like the clutch drive, is hydraulic and acts on the rear wheels. The steering is adapted from the Oka, using a cardan gear on the steering shaft. The steering wheel is made in a classic style with a steel hub and a wooden rim. The panel used sports instruments with white scales from the VAZ-2106. The upper part of the canopy panel is made of fiberglass and sheathed in black leather, the lower part is covered with lacquered wood trim. The gear shift knob is made of wood. The interior is upholstered in black carpet, sports bucket seats are made of fiberglass in black gelcoat with leather segment inserts. Both seats are equipped with three-point inertia seat belts. Directly above the engine is a folding plywood shelf that allows access to the engine and, when folded, serves to store light items in the cabin. On the floor in the niches under the seats there are fasteners for a first aid kit and a fire extinguisher. For ventilation of the passenger compartment, rotary vents are provided in the door windows, the door windows do not fall. The door glass and the rear window are made of polycarbonate 3 mm thick, the windshield is made of triplex. Doors open up and forward on gas stops. Landing inside requires special skill, since the opening is still small, but sitting inside is quite comfortable, despite the minimum amount of space. The front and rear hoods open completely for access to the vehicle's components. When closed, they, in addition to the locks, are fixed at the edges with rubber fasteners. In general, the car is very tightly packed.
The body of the car is painted bright red with acrylic paint, another layer of varnish is applied on top. After painting, the body panels are polished, which gives more depth to the color. The dynamics of the car, despite the small engine, befits a modern civilian car. The classic rear-wheel drive scheme, 45/55 weight distribution and sharp steering leave a pleasant driving experience. He reacts to the gas pedal with confident acceleration. When braking, the car brakes intensively thanks to disc brakes on all wheels. The effort on the brake pedal is easily dosed using a pneumatic booster. In a straight line on the road, the car behaves stably, thanks to suspension settings and a significant castor angle of the steered wheels. The low-travel suspension absorbs small bumps and cracks in the road well, but exhibits excessive rigidity on large bumps. In turn, the car almost does not roll, thanks to the low center of gravity. When overspeeding in a fast corner, the car drifts evenly to the outside trajectory, which corresponds to neutral understeer. It is this behavior of the car that is appreciated by participants in amateur ring races. Overall, it must be admitted that the Pegasus fits the feel of a classic 1960s sports car in both looks and ride quality. This is also facilitated by retro-styled controls. The presented car is similar to the classic Porsche 356 Speedster. Today, such cars have become an expensive toy for collectors, lovers of classic circuit racing and just a weekend car. Author: A. Zhilin
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