The power of rust. Drawing, description

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The power of rust. Children's Science Lab

Children's Science Lab

Rust occupies a larger volume than the iron from which it is obtained. This is natural: during rusting, oxygen is added to iron, the compound takes up more space than pure metal.

This phenomenon can cause catastrophic consequences for architectural structures. The stone blocks that make up the belfry of St. Paul's Cathedral in London (1675-1710) were held together with iron staples laid over the rows of stones in grooves cut into the stone. For hundreds of years, the braces rusted, increased in volume and began to lift layers of stone, which caused the bell tower to warp.

It has been calculated that the strength of the rust is such that the "swelling" of the iron would raise the rows of stones even if the bell tower were 2250 kilometers high! I had to dismantle the masonry and replace the iron staples with stainless steel ones.

But the power of rust can be put to good use. The dome over the reading room of the British Museum (1854-1858) is held together by rust. The cast-iron parts of its grating were fastened with a "putty" of iron filings with ammonia, mixed with water. The sawdust quickly turned into rust, the mixture hardened and tightly filled the gaps between the parts. She tightly bursts the details, pressing them to each other and to the frame.

The power of rust

The picture shows an experiment that clearly shows the expansion of the metal during rusting. The bolt with washers was exposed to pressurized carbon dioxide at 5000 degrees Celsius for 4000 hours. The washers rusted, became thicker and stretched the steel bolt.

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