Hawthorn single-petal. Legends, myths, symbolism, description, cultivation, methods of application

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Hawthorn single-petal. Legends, myths, symbolism, description, cultivation, methods of application

cultivated and wild plants. Legends, myths, symbolism, description, cultivation, methods of application

Directory / Cultivated and wild plants

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Content

Photos, basic scientific information, legends, myths, symbolism
Genus, family, origin, range, chemical composition, economic importance
Botanical description, reference data, useful information, illustrations
Recipes for use in traditional medicine and cosmetology
Tips for growing, harvesting and storing

Hawthorn single, Crataegus monogyna. Photos of the plant, basic scientific information, legends, myths, symbolism

Hawthorn One-Piece

Basic scientific information, legends, myths, symbolism

Sort by: Crataegus (hawthorn)

Family: Rosaceae (Rosaceae)

Origin: The hawthorn is native to Europe, Western Asia, and North Africa.

Area: Hawthorn is widely distributed in Europe, Asia and Africa. It is also found in North America and Australia.

Chemical composition: Hawthorn single pistil contains flavonoids, coumarins, organic acids, cardioglycosides and other beneficial substances.

Economic value: Hawthorn is used in pharmacology as a means to strengthen the heart and blood vessels, as well as to treat certain diseases of the cardiovascular system. It is also used to lower blood pressure, improve digestion, treat diseases of the liver and biliary tract. As an ornamental plant, hawthorn is grown to create hedges and fences, as well as to decorate gardens and parks. However, hawthorn contains toxic substances, so its use in food can be dangerous.

Legends and myths: In Christian symbolism, the hawthorn was associated with the cross and became a symbol of faith and hope. Hawthorn flowers and berries were used to decorate churches and were taken as a symbolic meal at Easter. It is believed that hawthorn symbolizes happy love, and its flowers and berries enhance feelings and stimulate passion.

Hawthorn single, Crataegus monogyna. Description, illustrations of the plant

Hawthorn single, Crataegus monogyna. Botanical description of the plant, area, methods of application, cultivation

Hawthorn One-Piece

The Latin name of the genus Crataegus comes from two Greek words cratos - strength, strength and gigos - to lead and, apparently, reflects the hardness of the wood and the presence of thorns that serve as a means of protection, or the plant's ability to live long - the age of the hawthorn can reach 300 years.

The specific name single-pistil (both Russian and Latin monogyna) is given in connection with the peculiarity of the structure of the flower - it really has one pistil (column) and, accordingly, one bone (seed).

Shrub or tree 3-6, less often up to 8-12 m high, with a rounded hip-shaped or broadly pyramidal, rather symmetrical crown. Individual specimens of this species are known at the age of 200-300 years, 17-18 m high, with a crown diameter of up to 18-20 m and a trunk girth of up to 2,5-3 m.

Branches brownish-gray, reddish-brown or cherry; shoots glabrous or initially densely hairy. Spines few, about 1 cm long, often absent; leafy spines are almost not developed.

Kidneys broadly ovate-conical, 3-5 mm long. The leaves are shiny, dark, olive-green above, light green below. On fruiting shoots, the lower leaves are obovate to oblong-ovate, three-notched or coarsely serrated at the top; the upper ones are up to 4-4,5 cm long and wide, three- or five-parted, often with very asymmetrically arranged lobes, the last ones are obtuse, with a short cartilaginous tip, entire or near the apex with few teeth, oval in outline. The leaves of sterile shoots are larger, 5-1-deeply divided or even almost dissected, with spaced lobes, unevenly along the edge, often incised-toothed. Petioles 2-XNUMX cm long, grooved; stipules sickle-curved, semi-heart-shaped, glandular-serrate.

Inflorescences (complex corymb) erect, up to 5 cm in diameter, rather compact, 10-18-flowered, with bare or sparsely hairy axes, pedicels and hypanthia. Actinomorphic flowers 1,5 cm in diameter, with white petals; sepals oblong-triangular or broadly ovate with a blunt tip, recurved at fruit; stamens twenty, with red anthers. The pistil - one - is a characteristic feature of the species that gave the name to the hawthorn. This is the most advanced hawthorn in evolutionary terms, since a decrease in the number of flower parts is a positive sign. Blooms in May-June. The hawthorn is an entomophilous plant, pollinated by insects.

The fruit is a red or brownish-red, rarely yellow apple (fruit type) with sweetish pulp, broadly ovoid or broadly ellipsoid, 7-10 mm long. The stone is one (according to the number of pistils), up to 7 mm long, 5 mm wide, somewhat compressed and chipped from the sides, with 2-3 shallow grooves on the dorsal side. Fruits in September. It spreads with the help of birds (ornithochory).

Hawthorn One-Piece

In nature, the range of the species covers Europe, northwest Africa, the Near and Middle East. Naturalized in North America, southern Africa, Australia and New Zealand.

It grows singly and in small groups in thickets of shrubs, along the edges of deciduous, less often coniferous forests, on the slopes of river valleys and ravines, on terraces, rocky slopes of ridges and mountains, in depressions among the sands, in the lower reaches of rivers.

It is confined to a wide variety of substrates, but develops best on heavy, lime-containing clay soils. It is less sensitive to temperature and humidity conditions than the common hawthorn (Crataegus laevigata), and therefore can grow successfully in areas with a more continental climate. Easily runs wild and is often found near dwellings, in secondary plant groups.

Hawthorn fruits contain vitamins A, C, E, beta-carotene, fatty oils, flavonoids, choline, organic acids, fructose, tannins. The calorie content of 100 g of berries is 52,5 kcal. Carbohydrate content 14%. Dried fruits, while retaining all other useful substances, also contain up to 22,5% sorbitol. Hawthorn flowers contain essential oils, acetylcholine, flavone glycosides, various acids (caffeic, ursolic, chlorogenic, etc.).

The fruits of hawthorn are edible, rich in vitamins, organic acids, pectins, and simple sugars. They are usually harvested after the first frost. It is used as an additive to tea (in dried form), as well as for the preparation of compotes, jams.

It is used in medicine for the treatment of the nervous and cardiovascular systems (flowers and fruits are used).

From drugs based on hawthorn bark, you should refrain from low blood pressure, pregnancy, lactation, and a tendency to constipation. Excessive use of them can cause a slow reaction rate, cause heart rhythm disturbances, nausea and dizziness.

It is used as a fruit, melliferous, medicinal and ornamental plant. For a long time they have been used in gardens and parks, in avenue plantings (high-stemmed forms) and especially for hedges. Great for haircuts; has a great escaping ability. Previously, red, yellow and brown dyes were obtained from branches, bark and buds. This species is a good late-spring melliferous and pollen-bearing plant.

Single-petal hawthorn is an unpretentious hardy shrub, frost-resistant, which is not afraid of either heat or drafts. Prefers to grow in sunny areas, does not get burned from direct sunlight. In partial shade, it feels worse, and in the shade, the growth of hawthorn is inhibited, it stops blooming.

Grows on a variety of substrates, preferring heavy loamy and clay soil varieties with a neutral or alkaline pH. It can grow on saline soils, be used for strengthening banks, embankments.

Hawthorn single, Crataegus monogyna. Recipes for use in traditional medicine and cosmetology

cultivated and wild plants. Legends, myths, symbolism, description, cultivation, methods of application

Ethnoscience:

For the treatment of heart failure: prepare an infusion of dried flowers of hawthorn odnopistil in boiling water for 20-30 minutes. Refrigerate and drink as a tea 2-3 times a day. This will help improve circulation, reduce symptoms of heart failure such as shortness of breath and fatigue.
To lower blood pressure: prepare an infusion of dried flowers of hawthorn odnopistil in boiling water for 20-30 minutes. Refrigerate and drink as a tea 2-3 times a day. This will help lower blood pressure and reduce the risk of developing cardiovascular disease.
To treat insomnia: prepare an infusion of dried flowers of hawthorn odnopistil in boiling water for 20-30 minutes. Refrigerate and drink as a tea before bed. This will help improve the quality of sleep and relieve stress and fatigue.
For the treatment of nervous disorders: prepare an infusion of dried flowers of hawthorn odnopistil in boiling water for 20-30 minutes. Refrigerate and drink as a tea 2-3 times a day. This will help reduce stress and anxiety and improve your mood.

Cosmetology:

Hawthorn face mask: mix fresh hawthorn berries into a paste and apply on the face for 10-15 minutes, then rinse with warm water. This mask will help moisturize and soothe the skin, reduce inflammation and give it a healthy glow.
Hawthorn Facial Toner: prepare an infusion of dried hawthorn flowers and refrigerate. Apply to face with a cotton pad. This toner will help reduce inflammation, hydrate the skin, and improve skin tone and texture.
Face cream with hawthorn: mix hawthorn extract and jojoba oil in equal proportions. Apply to the face in the morning and evening after cleansing the skin. This cream will help reduce inflammation and improve skin quality.
Body scrub with hawthorn: mix crushed dry hawthorn flowers with sea salt and olive oil. Massage into the skin of the body and rinse thoroughly with water. This scrub will help exfoliate dead skin cells, improve skin texture and give a healthy glow.

Attention! Before use, consult with a specialist!

Hawthorn single, Crataegus monogyna. Detailed growing tips, soil and light selection, planting, depth, distance between plants, plant care; preparation tips; storage tips

cultivated and wild plants. Legends, myths, symbolism, description, cultivation, methods of application

The common hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna) is a shrub that can be grown both for garden decoration and for medicinal and culinary uses.

Tips for growing, harvesting and storing hawthorn odnopistil:

Cultivation:

Hawthorn prefers sunny or semi-shady places and fertile, well-drained soil.
The plant can be grown from seeds or seedlings.
Seeds are best sown in the ground in spring or autumn, and seedlings can be planted in spring.
Hawthorn requires regular watering and fertilization.
The plant can bloom for several years.
Plants are best planted in autumn or spring before the start of the growing season.
Planting depth should be such that the roots are completely immersed in the soil.
The distance between plants should be about 2-3 meters.
Requires regular watering during dry periods, removal of weeds and debris around the plant, and regular pruning to form a bush and remove damaged or old branches.

Workpiece:

The flowers, leaves and fruits of hawthorn can be used as a medicine or to make drinks.
Flowers should be picked in early summer and fruits in late summer or early autumn.
Harvested parts of the plant should be dried in a ventilated place away from direct sunlight.

Storage:

Dry hawthorn parts can be stored in an airtight container in a cool, dry place for up to 2 years.
Fresh fruits and flowers of hawthorn are best used immediately after harvest.

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