Banana textile (abaca). Legends, myths, symbolism, description, cultivation, methods of application

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Banana textile (abaca). Legends, myths, symbolism, description, cultivation, methods of application

cultivated and wild plants. Legends, myths, symbolism, description, cultivation, methods of application

Directory / Cultivated and wild plants

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Content

Photos, basic scientific information, legends, myths, symbolism
Genus, family, origin, range, chemical composition, economic importance
Botanical description, reference data, useful information, illustrations
Recipes for use in traditional medicine and cosmetology
Tips for growing, harvesting and storing

Textile banana (abaca), Musa textilis. Photos of the plant, basic scientific information, legends, myths, symbolism

Banana textile (abaca)

Basic scientific information, legends, myths, symbolism

Sort by: Banana (Musa)

Family: Banana (Musaceae)

Origin: The textile banana originates from the Philippines and Southeast Asia, where it was grown for the production of textile fibers.

Area: Banana textile is grown in various parts of the world, including Southeast Asia, Africa, South America and Oceania.

Chemical composition: Banana textile contains a lot of cellulose and linine, which makes it ideal for the production of textile fibers. In addition, it contains vitamins and minerals such as potassium, magnesium and vitamin C.

Economic value: Banana textile is used as a source of textile fibers, which are used to produce ropes, nets, bags, baskets and other products. In addition, it is used in medicine to treat various diseases such as diarrhea, headache and insomnia. Also, its fruits are eaten, although they are not as popular as dessert bananas.

Legends and myths: In Filipino culture, this plant plays an important role in the production of traditional costumes such as the barong tagalog and symbolizes national identity. Also in some cultures, textile banana is associated with abundance, prosperity and wealth. In the mythology of some peoples of Southeast Asia, a textile banana is associated with the god of abundance and fertility. In addition, in some religious rites and traditions, this type of banana is considered a symbol of vitality and fertility.

Textile banana (abaca), Musa textilis. Description, illustrations of the plant

Textile banana (abaca), Musa textilis

Banana textile (abaca)

Serves as a source of fiber called abaca or manila hemp (Manila hemp). It is the best raw material for ship ropes and ropes. It is used for the manufacture of fabrics, durable burlap, ropes, twine. During World War II, manila hemp was considered a strategic raw material.

The Philippines is the birthplace of Musa textilis.

The main fiber producer and exporter is the Philippines. A small amount is cultivated in Indonesia.

Textile banana, abaca (Musa textilis Nee.), Banana family (Musaceae) - a typical tropical plant, warm and moisture-loving.

The textile banana plant has significant differences from the edible banana: the stem is thinner, the leaves are smaller and narrow, they dry out and fall off much earlier than banana leaves. The fruits are much smaller than the banana fruits, the ripened fruits are green at first, then turn yellow and contain a large number of black seeds. Abaca has well developed rhizome and roots.

One banana rhizome can form 10-12 or more above-ground shoots. Therefore, a textile banana grows in a group. In adult leaves, the blade is often torn from the wind along the lateral veins. Plantations should be protected from the wind. When the diameter of the false stem reaches about 25-30 cm, a cylindrical light green peduncle sprouts through the pseudostem.

The flower stem bears a large inflorescence - a dangling brush.

The fruit is 3-sided, bent, 5-8 cm, green, multi-seeded, inedible.

Banana textile (abaca)

There are about 100 varieties of textile banana, especially in the Philippines, but no more than 20 are of commercial importance. They differ in the amount of fiber, as well as in the difficulty of its isolation, in yield, which ultimately is the main thing when choosing a variety for cultivation.

Cross-pollination of textile banana. Breeding work is carried out in the direction of obtaining plants resistant to diseases and typhoons.

Textile banana fiber is the strongest among plant fibers, very elastic, light, does not rot in either sea or fresh water. The fiber is extracted from the leaf sheaths, which form a false stem. Fiber bundles reach a length of 90-300 cm, elementary fibers have a length of 2-12 mm, a diameter of 16-32 microns. The color of the fiber is from white to reddish-yellow, the fiber is well dyed, hygroscopic, can absorb moisture up to 50% of its weight, lighter than cotton fiber and stronger than sisal.

Banana textile is cultivated in the humid tropics, where the annual rainfall is at least 1200-1500 mm. The optimum temperature is 25-28 ° C and soil moisture is 78-88% HB, it does not tolerate even a short dry period and stagnant moisture.

It is propagated by separate parts of rhizomes and seeds.

The textile banana does well in drained soils formerly occupied by forests and in areas where the edible banana was cultivated. A banana plant can be cultivated for several years in one place.

Seeds are pre-cleaned and washed from the pulp of the fruit.

New plantations are usually established in situ after deforestation. Landing is done before the start of the rainy season. Planting is carried out in rows. Cowpeas or velvet beans are grown between rows. Landing pattern: 2,5x2,5, 2x2 and 2x1,5 m.

Plots located on the site of a cut down forest are not plowed in the first years, and tillage and loosening are carried out only around the plants.

A textile banana reaches a height of 3,0-3,5 m with a stem diameter of 20 cm. Stems ripen at the age of 2 to 3 years, but harvesting is also carried out at the age of 6, the yield in this case is higher. The yield ranges from 2 to 8 t/ha of fiber. The yield of fiber is approximately 10% of the mass of the stems. Approximately 1 kg of fiber is obtained from 0,5 stem. With proper care, the plantation yields a crop for 10-15 years or more.

In addition to the banana, textile fiber is obtained from the Japanese banana and some other species, and even from cultural forms, but the yield and quality of the fiber are low.

Authors: Baranov V.D., Ustimenko G.V.

Textile banana (abaca), Musa textilis. Recipes for use in traditional medicine and cosmetology

cultivated and wild plants. Legends, myths, symbolism, description, cultivation, methods of application

Ethnoscience:

Cough treatment: for this, crumbs from textile banana leaves are used, which must be poured with hot water and infused for 15-20 minutes. The resulting infusion is drunk 1/4 cup 2-3 times a day.
Treatment of stomach ulcers: for this, a tincture of textile banana roots is used. To prepare the tincture, pour boiling water over the roots and insist for several hours, then strain and drink 1/4 cup 2-3 times a day before meals.
Headache treatment: for this, crumbs from textile banana leaves are used, which are applied to the forehead and back of the head. Hold for 15-20 minutes, then remove.
Treatment of bruises and bruises: for this, a fresh textile banana leaf is used, which must be mashed until a slurry is obtained and applied to damaged skin. Fix the sheet with a bandage and leave for several hours.
Treatment of dermatitis: for this, fresh textile banana leaves are used. It is necessary to knead them until a slurry is obtained and apply to the affected areas of the skin. Repeat several times a day until complete recovery.

Cosmetology:

Purifying face mask: mash half a textile banana to a paste and apply on the face, avoiding the eye area. Leave on for 15-20 minutes, then rinse with warm water. This mask helps to cleanse the skin of excess oil and impurities, as well as moisturizes and nourishes it.
Moisturizing hair mask: mash half of a textile banana and mix with 2 tablespoons of coconut oil. Apply to hair and leave on for 30 minutes, then rinse thoroughly. This mask helps to moisturize and nourish hair, making it soft and shiny.
Body massage oil: Mix half a cup of coconut oil with 2-3 drops of banana textile essential oil. Use this body massage oil to hydrate and nourish the skin and improve its elasticity.
Strengthening nail mask: mash half a textile banana to a paste and apply on nails, leave for 10-15 minutes, then rinse with warm water. This mask will help strengthen and nourish your nails, making them stronger and healthier.

Attention! Before use, consult with a specialist!

Textile banana (abaca), Musa textilis. Tips for growing, harvesting and storing

cultivated and wild plants. Legends, myths, symbolism, description, cultivation, methods of application

Textile banana (Musa textilis) is a type of banana grown in tropical and subtropical regions for fiber for textiles.

Tips for growing, harvesting and storing textile banana:

Cultivation:

Banana textile prefers a warm and humid climate, as well as fairly soft and fertile soil. It grows best in partial shade, but can tolerate direct sunlight.
Growing from seed is rarely used, as the textile banana is mainly propagated vegetatively through offshoots or rhizomes. Branches can be separated from the plant and planted in the soil to a depth of about 10 cm. The optimal distance between plants is 2-3 meters.
Plants need regular watering and fertilization. It is important to avoid drying out the soil and waterlogging.
After the appearance of the first shoots, it is recommended to remove the extra ones, leaving only 2-3 of the strongest ones.

Workpiece:

Banana textile fiber is obtained from the leaves, which can be harvested 8-10 months after planting. The leaves are recommended to be harvested during the rainy season as they contain more moisture, making it easier to separate the fibers.
To obtain fiber, textile banana leaves must be processed by removing the pulp and leaving only the fibrous part. The fiber should be soaked in water for several days, then washed and dried in the sun.

Storage:

The finished fiber can be stored in a dry and cool place to avoid damage.

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