Pomeranian (sour orange, bitter orange, bigardia). Legends, myths, symbolism, description, cultivation, methods of application

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Pomeranian (sour orange, bitter orange, bigardia). Legends, myths, symbolism, description, cultivation, methods of application

cultivated and wild plants. Legends, myths, symbolism, description, cultivation, methods of application

Directory / Cultivated and wild plants

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Content

Photos, basic scientific information, legends, myths, symbolism
Basic scientific information, legends, myths, symbolism
Botanical description, reference data, useful information, illustrations
Recipes for use in traditional medicine and cosmetology
Tips for growing, harvesting and storing

Pomeranian (sour orange, bitter orange, bigardia), Citrus aurantium. Photos of the plant, basic scientific information, legends, myths, symbolism

Pomeranian (sour orange, bitter orange, bigardia)

Basic scientific information, legends, myths, symbolism

Sort by: Citrus

Family: Rutaceae (Rutaceae)

Origin: Pomeranian comes from the southern regions of China and northern India. It is currently grown in many warm climate countries including the USA, Spain, Italy, Turkey and Morocco.

Area: Plants are grown in tropical and subtropical regions of the world.

Chemical composition: Oranges contain a large amount of vitamin C, as well as carotenoids, flavonoids, coumarins, aldehydes and acids.

Economic value: Pomeranians are used in cooking, for the production of aromatic oils, perfumes and medicines. The plant is also used in perfumery and cosmetics.

Legends, myths, symbolism: In popular culture, the orange has often been associated with feminine beauty and love. In ancient Greek mythology, the orange was associated with Aphrodite, the goddess of love and beauty. In Roman mythology, the Pomeranian was associated with the goddess Juno, who was the goddess of marriage and Christmas. Pomeranian also has religious significance. In Christianity, it is associated with Christmas and is used as a symbol of the Christmas holidays. In Judaism, it is associated with the holiday of Sukkot, which is celebrated in October and November.

Pomeranian (sour orange, bitter orange, bigardia), Citrus aurantium. Description, illustrations of the plant

Orange (sour orange, bitter orange, bigardia), Citrus aurantium L. Botanical description, distribution, chemical composition, features of use

Pomeranian (sour orange, bitter orange, bigardia)

The rue family is Rutaceae.

Small evergreen tree 2-10 m high.

Branches with long, thin, sharp spines. The leaves are alternate, petiolate, leathery, shiny, green above, light green below with numerous translucent containers of essential oil. Petioles broadly winged, rather long, sharply tapering to a wingless base.

The flowers are large, very fragrant, solitary or collected in few-flowered, axillary bunches. Calyx 4-5-toothed, pubescent outside. Corolla 4-8-lobed. Petals are white, narrowly oblong, slightly fleshy, with receptacles of essential oil. Stamens numerous, fused in column and capitate stigma.

The fruit is berry-shaped ("orange"), spherical, sometimes slightly flattened, 6-7 cm in diameter, the peel is thick with an uneven-hilly surface, bright orange, easily separated from the pulp, with numerous receptacles of essential oil; the pulp consists of 10-12 slices, sour, slightly bitter. Seeds oblate-wedge-shaped, furrowed, light yellow.

Blooms in April - May. The fruits ripen in November - January.

Not known in the wild. Homeland - Southeast Asia.

Cultivated in the Mediterranean countries, in the Caucasus.

Leaves, twigs, young stems and unripe fruits contain essential oil; it is called petitgrain. The yield of essential oil from fresh flowers is 0,1-0,2%, from the peel of fruits - 1,2-2% (fresh weight). The composition of the oil includes camphene, beta-pinene, dipentene (and limonene), L-linalool, D-alpha-terpineol, nerol, geraniol, sesquiterpenes.

Pomeranian (sour orange, bitter orange, bigardia)

The oil from the peel of the fruit resembles lemon in smell, and orange in composition and properties. The oil contains alpha-limonene (97-98%), alpha-pinene, ocimene, myrcene, terpineol, D-camphene, D-linalool, D-terpineol, nerol, farnesol, nerolidol and other compounds.

The fruits contain carbohydrates, organic acids (citric, malic, salicylic, gallic), glycosides (hesperidin, isohesperidin, etc.), belonging to the group of substances with P-vitamin activity. The essential oil from the flowers has a very pleasant smell. It contains limonene, linalool and geraniol esters, as well as anthranilic acid methyl ester, which gives the oil a delicate aroma.

The essential oil of the unripe fruit has a different aroma than the oil obtained from the orange peel. This oil, like the oil from fresh flowers, is obtained by steam distillation or the enfleurage process (extraction with fatty oil).

Pomeranian (sour orange, bitter orange, bigardia)

Essential oil is obtained from the freshly peeled orange peel by pressing. From the crushed peel, tinctures are prepared, used as an appetite enhancer or as a corrigen in the production of other dosage forms. Unripe orange fruits ("orange nuts" 5-15 mm in diameter), spontaneously falling from the tree, are also raw materials for the production of essential oil used in the alcoholic beverage industry.

Pomeranian fruits are used in medicine, and neroli and petitgrain essential oils from flowers and leaves are used to make marmalade, candied peels and soft drinks and are included as the main component in many flower compositions in perfumery; in the confectionery and other branches of the food industry, infusions of flowers are also used.

Authors: Dudchenko L.G., Kozyakov A.S., Krivenko V.V.

Pomeranian (sour orange, bitter orange, bigardia), Citrus aurantium. Methods of application, origin of the plant, range, botanical description, cultivation

Pomeranian (sour orange, bitter orange, bigardia)

The fresh fruits are too bitter to be consumed as such, but are highly valued for making marmalade, condiments, and liqueurs. Leaves, flowers and fruits are the best source of bigaradium oil used in perfumery. It is the main rootstock of citrus fruits.

The orange originated from Southeast Asia. Unknown in the wild. It was brought to the Mediterranean by the Arabs in the XNUMXth century, five centuries before the introduction of the sweet orange.

Widely bred in tropical and subtropical countries.

The orange tree has a height of up to 10 m; petioles are broad-winged; flowers are large, fragrant, bisexual, partially functionally male.

The fruits are almost round, the peel is thick with a rough surface; fragrant; often bright orange-red when ripe; the pulp is very sour and bitter; seeds are numerous, polyembryonic, nucellar embryos are found in 75-85% of seeds. The main glycoside is aurantamarin.

Pomeranian (sour orange, bitter orange, bigardia)

Varieties of sour orange include bitter orange and bergamot orange.

Pomeranian is a medicinal plant. Cultivated in India and the Mediterranean.

Bergamot orange is a small tree that has fruits with sour pulp. Bergamot oil is extracted from the colored layer of the peel called flavedo. This oil is used in microscopic research and in perfumery.

Natural hybrids are also not uncommon; among the artificial ones, citradium (bigaradia x trifoliata) is known - a powerful and cold-resistant stock. There is a mutated new form - myrtle orange

Authors: Baranov V.D., Ustimenko G.V.

Pomeranian (sour orange, bitter orange, bigardia), Citrus aurantium. Recipes for use in traditional medicine and cosmetology

cultivated and wild plants. Legends, myths, symbolism, description, cultivation, methods of application

Ethnoscience:

Treatment for insomnia: to treat insomnia, you can use a tincture of dried orange flowers. To do this, 2 tablespoons of dried flowers should be poured with 1 cup of boiling water and insisted for 15-20 minutes. Then the infusion should be filtered and drunk 1/2 cup before bedtime.
Treatment of nervous disorders: for the treatment of nervous disorders, you can use a tincture of orange and mint flowers. To do this, 2 tablespoons of orange flowers and 2 tablespoons of fresh mint should be poured with 1 liter of boiling water and insisted for 30-40 minutes. Then the infusion should be filtered and drunk 1 cup 2-3 times a day.
Treatment of digestive disorders: for the treatment of digestive disorders, you can use a tincture of orange peel. To do this, the zest of 1 orange should be poured with 1 cup of boiling water and insisted for 30 minutes. Then the infusion should be filtered and drunk 1/4 cup before meals.
Cold treatment: for the treatment of colds, you can use a tincture of zest and honey. To do this, the zest of 1 orange should be poured with 1 cup of boiling water and insisted for 30 minutes. Then the infusion should be filtered and add 1 tablespoon of honey. Drink 1/4 cup several times a day.
Headache treatment: for the treatment of headaches, you can use massage oil based on orange peel. To do this, the zest of 1 orange should be cut and poured with 1 glass of vegetable oil (for example, olive or almond). Then the oil should be infused for 2-3 days, and then used for massage in the temples.

Cosmetology:

Facial Cleansing Toner: To make an orange-based cleansing tonic, mix 1/4 cup fresh orange juice, 1/4 cup water, and 1 tablespoon apple cider vinegar. Soak a cotton pad in the resulting solution and clean your face.
Moisturizing face mask: to prepare a moisturizing mask, you need to mix 2 tablespoons of honey, 1 tablespoon of orange juice and 1 egg yolk. Apply the mask on your face and keep it for 15-20 minutes, then rinse with warm water.
Rejuvenating Body Scrub: to prepare a rejuvenating scrub, you need to mix 1/2 cup sea salt, 1/4 cup almond oil and 1 tablespoon of orange peel. Apply the scrub to damp body skin and massage in circular motions, then rinse with warm water.
Strengthening hair shampoo: to prepare a strengthening shampoo, you need to mix 1/2 cup of fresh orange juice, 1/4 cup of water and 1 egg yolk. Use shampoo to strengthen and restore hair.
Soothing Lip Balm: to prepare a soothing lip balm, mix 1 tablespoon of beeswax, 1 tablespoon of almond oil and 1 teaspoon of orange peel. Melt the beeswax in a water bath, then add the rest of the ingredients. Apply to lips for hydration and protection.

Attention! Before use, consult with a specialist!

Pomeranian (sour orange, bitter orange, bigardia), Citrus aurantium. Tips for growing, harvesting and storing

cultivated and wild plants. Legends, myths, symbolism, description, cultivation, methods of application

Pomeranian, also known as sour orange, bitter orange, or bigardia, is a shrub or small tree that produces small, bitter fruits that are used in cooking and medicine.

Tips for growing, harvesting and storing orange:

Cultivation:

Placement: Pomeranian prefers warm, sunny places and places sheltered from the wind. Grow it in pots or outdoors in frost-free climates.
Soil: Pomeranians grow in fertile, well-drained soil. Feed them regularly with fertilizer to ensure good growth and yield.
Watering: Pomeranians need regular watering, especially during growth and flowering.
Pruning: Pomeranians need regular pruning to maintain their shape and encourage growth.

Workpiece:

Harvesting: Pomeranians are harvested during the ripening season when they reach the desired size and color.
Uses: Pomeranians can be used in cooking, such as making jams, sweets, and as a flavoring for cocktails and other drinks.

Storage:

Refrigerator storage: Pomeranians can be stored in the refrigerator for several weeks.
Drying: You can dry the orange peel and use it as a seasoning for dishes.

Please note that oranges contain biologically active compounds that can interact with medications, so it is recommended that you consult your doctor before using them for medical purposes.

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