Free technical library

Large-fruited strawberries (strawberries, garden strawberries, pineapple strawberries). Legends, myths, symbolism, description, cultivation, methods of application

Directory / Cultivated and wild plants

 Comments on the article

Content

1. Photos, basic scientific information, legends, myths, symbolism
2. Basic scientific information, legends, myths, symbolism
3. Botanical description, reference data, useful information, illustrations
4. Recipes for use in traditional medicine and cosmetology
5. Tips for growing, harvesting and storing

Large-fruited strawberries (strawberries, garden strawberries, pineapple strawberries), Fragaria x ananassa. Photos of the plant, basic scientific information, legends, myths, symbolism

Basic scientific information, legends, myths, symbolism

Sort by: Strawberry (Fragaria)

Family: Pink (Rosaceae)

Origin: Strawberries are native to the Northern Hemisphere and are distributed throughout the world, including North America, Europe, Asia and Africa.

Area: Strawberries are grown all over the world, including North America, Europe, Asia, Africa and Australia.

Chemical composition: Large-fruited strawberries contain vitamins C, A, E, B1, B2, PP, as well as iron, magnesium, potassium, calcium, phosphorus, sodium, copper, manganese, iodine, folic acid and other nutrients. It also contains anthocyanins, flavonoids, and phenolic compounds that have antioxidant properties.

Economic value: Strawberry is a popular berry plant grown for human consumption. It is used in cooking to create desserts, preserves and jams, as well as decoration for cakes and pastries. In addition, strawberries are used in cosmetology to create masks and skin creams.

Legends, myths, symbolism: In some cultures, strawberries can be used as a symbol of love, romance and passion, as they are associated with the heart and are often used in cooking for desserts and sweets. It can also be used as a symbol of abundance and prosperity, as it is one of the most popular berry crops and produces a bountiful harvest. In some cultures, strawberries can also be used as a symbol of childhood and innocence, as their flavor and aroma are associated with childhood memories. In general, strawberries can be used as a symbol of love, romance, passion, abundance, prosperity, childhood, and innocence.

Large-fruited strawberries (strawberries, garden strawberries, pineapple strawberries), Fragaria x ananassa. Description, illustrations of the plant

Strawberry large-fruited (strawberry). Botanical description of the plant, areas of growth and ecology, economic importance, applications

Descended from wild strawberries. Perennial herbaceous plant, extremely reminiscent of strawberries, but with a large fleshy false fruit (up to 5 cm in diameter). There are up to 50 varieties of large-fruited strawberries.

Cultivate mainly garden or pineapple strawberries, much less often forest (mainly in the northern regions of the Urals and Siberia), American species - virgin and Chilean. Virginian strawberries were introduced into cultivation at the beginning of the XNUMXth century. The first varieties of table strawberries were bred in Holland at the beginning of the XNUMXth century. from Virginian and Chilean.

In Russia, large-fruited strawberries appeared in the XNUMXth century, when a plantation of virgin strawberries was established in the village of Izmailovo near Moscow. False fruits have a different color intensity - from pale pink to dark red. The flesh is reddish or white, aromatic.

The berries of large-fruited strawberries contain various sugars (up to 15%), organic acids (with a predominance of citric), 0,8-1,6% nitrogenous, 0,9-1,5-pectic substances, 1-2,7-fiber, 0,16 0,25-50% tannins, traces of alkaloids and mineral elements (salts of iron, phosphorus, calcium, manganese, cobalt), vitamins C (80-20, in forest 50-XNUMX mg%).

Garden strawberries in the group of berry crops in terms of vitamin C content are second only to black currants. In fact, strawberry varieties containing 50 mg% or less of vitamin C are low-vitamin. Varieties that accumulate 70-80 mg of vitamin C are considered high-vitamin varieties, and up to 200 mg are excellent. (91%), Festival (97 mg%). The amount of P-active substances in strawberries is 120-19 mg%.

Usually, the darker the color of the berries, the higher their P-vitamin activity. Bright red berries contain from 0,5 to 0,75 mg% of vitamin P, and red-violet varieties of this vitamin have even more. One of the most valuable protective substances of strawberries is folic acid, which is more in it (from 0,25 to 0,5 mg%) than in grapes and raspberries. As for other vitamins (A, B1, B2, E, PP, K), there are few of them in strawberries.

Coumarins in garden strawberries are much less than in garden strawberries. There is not much iron in the latter (0,9-1,4 mg%), its hematopoietic effect is associated not only with iron, but with a whole "hematogenous complex" of compounds - such as vitamins of group B, C and iron. Strawberry leaves contain vitamin C, tannins, essential oil, and there are a lot of tannins in the roots.

Strawberries are consumed fresh, frozen and processed to obtain marmalade, jelly, mousse, jam, marshmallow, ice cream, juices, wines, liqueurs, liqueurs. Strawberries excite appetite, regulate digestion, quench thirst well. There is much in common in the action of strawberries and strawberries on the human body. An aqueous infusion of strawberries reduces inflammation, has a detrimental effect on some pathogenic microorganisms in the gastrointestinal tract, has a diaphoretic, diuretic and laxative effect.

In folk medicine, large-fruited strawberries were considered a remedy for the treatment of beriberi, gout, uterine bleeding, atherosclerosis, and hypertension. In the Caucasus, an infusion of wild strawberry and large-fruited flowers was used for heart disease, and a decoction of the whole plant was used for myoma (especially forest).

An aqueous infusion of berries was used as an antiseptic for gargling with tonsillitis, stomatitis, and to eliminate bad breath. The leaves of these plants were used fresh and dry for poultices on the area of ​​the liver, diseased tooth or joints, for enemas - for inflammation and bleeding from hemorrhoids. Fruit juice was used as a cosmetic product for softening and whitening the skin, as well as for healing small wounds.

Note that the therapeutic effect of garden strawberry leaves is somewhat weaker than that of the forest.

Authors: Dudnichenko L.G., Krivenko V.V.

Pineapple strawberry (garden strawberry, large-fruited strawberry), Fragaria x ananassa. Botanical description of the plant, area, methods of application, cultivation

This plant and its berries are often, including in popular science literature, mistakenly called strawberries, or Victoria, although the word strawberry is more correct (but not strictly scientifically!) To name other species of the same genus - nutmeg strawberries (Fragaria moschata) and strawberries green, or meadow (Fragaria viridis). It is also incorrect to call "garden strawberries" cultivated varieties of wild strawberries, or alpine (Fragaria vesca).

The Russian name "strawberry" comes from the old Russian word "strawberry", and they called it that because its fruits hang close to the ground. The botanical description of the plant was given by the priest, doctor, caretaker of the botanical garden in Zweibrücken Jerome Bock (Tragus) in 1553. He described two plants and named them Fragaria rubra and Fragaria candida from the Latin "fragaris" (fragrant).

The specific name "pineapple" comes from the Latin scientific name of the species ananassa. The name "garden" comes from the fact that, having arisen, this berry replaced almost all other cultivated species of the genus strawberry, moreover, it does not occur in the wild. Well, the name "large-fruited" is associated with the size of the fruit. The name "Strawberry" comes from the Slavic and Old Russian word "club", meaning "spherical, round body".

A perennial herbaceous plant, large trifoliate green leaves are on petioles 20-25 cm high. The inflorescence is a multi-flowered corymb. Flowers are usually bisexual, five-petalled, white. Peduncles in some varieties are higher than the stems. Lots of stamens and pistils.

Strawberry fruits, called berries, are an overgrown juicy receptacle; real fruits (nuts) - small, brownish in color - are on the surface of the berries. The berries are usually red (various shades), sometimes pink or white, with reddish, rarely white flesh. According to the number of chromosomes, pineapple strawberry is an octaploid (2n 56).

This species is a cultigen; does not exist in the wild and is not bred from a certain wild-growing plant species of the strawberry genus. It first appeared in Holland in the 2th century. It arose, presumably, as a result of the hybridization of the Chilean strawberry (which gave it large fruit) and the virgin strawberry (which gave it relative frost resistance). This is confirmed by the similarity of the traits of pineapple strawberry plants and the indicated species by the same number of chromosomes in them (56n XNUMX).

In nature, it does not grow in its natural form, but it can be found on the outskirts of settlements and far from them, since it often "runs away" from culture. It can be found in abandoned and overgrown strawberry fields, along forest and rural roads.

Strawberry pineapple is a widespread berry crop, originating simultaneously in Europe and America. Non-frost-resistant (depending on the variety), non-drought-resistant, shade-tolerant plant. In frosty winters with little snow, it often dies, lowering the temperature to -15 ° C (without snow cover) leads to the death of plants. The soil is not demanding.

Berries are consumed fresh, frozen and processed (jam, marshmallow, juices, etc.) form.

The chemical composition of fresh berries on average (in% by weight): water (80-90), total sugar (4,5-10), acids (0,8-1,6), nitrogenous (0,9-1,2 ), pectin (1,0-1,7), tannins (0,16-0,25) substances, fiber (1,0-1,6), ash (0,4-0,8); vitamin C (50-80 mg%). Harvest 6-7 t/ha.

Garden strawberries are a product that strengthens the heart muscle, giving elasticity and strength to the walls of blood vessels. Daily consumption of the berries of this plant helps to reduce the likelihood of strokes, heart attacks and other cardiac diseases. It is recognized as a powerful aphrodisiac - that is, a product that enhances and stimulates sexual desire.

It has been proven that the daily inclusion of the fruits of this plant in the diet helps to strengthen the immune system, increase the body's resistance to infections, and speed up recovery after serious illnesses and stress. Strawberry juice and other dishes from the berries of this plant stimulate the nervous system and eliminate the failures that occur in it. The substances contained in them weaken the negative impact of stressful situations on the body, help to cope with depressive conditions and avoid sudden mood swings. Along with this, strawberry juice is an excellent remedy for insomnia.

Strawberries have a positive effect on the digestive tract, accelerates intestinal motility. In folk medicine, the berries of this plant have long been used as an effective remedy for constipation. Useful compounds present in the composition of the pulp of berries accelerate the course of metabolic processes. Regular consumption of freshly squeezed strawberry juice with pulp or fresh berries accelerates the excretion of toxins, excess cholesterol, toxins and other poisons from the body.

The composition of strawberries includes substances that have a powerful anti-inflammatory and antiseptic effect. The juicy and sweet fruits of this plant bring invaluable benefits to people suffering from inflammatory diseases of the digestive tract. In folk medicine, strawberry decoction is used to rinse the mouth with ulcerative stomatitis and other dental pathologies characterized by inflammatory lesions of soft tissues.

Strawberries and dishes prepared from it have a positive effect on the condition and functioning of the visual apparatus. Vitamins, useful micro- and macroelements, which are part of the berries, reduce eye pressure, help improve vision and prevent the development of a number of ophthalmic diseases.

The results of scientific studies have shown that strawberry juice has antitumor properties. Consumption of foods and drinks made from it helps to reduce the risk of cancer.

It has been proven that strawberries have a beneficial effect on blood formation processes. To prevent anemia, it is enough to eat a handful of fresh fruits of this plant every day or drink half a glass of strawberry juice.

Useful compounds present in the composition of berries help lower blood pressure. In folk medicine, the fruits of the plant are used as an effective remedy for hypertension. It is worth noting that this method of therapy is used only in cases where the patient is not undergoing a course of drug treatment with the use of drugs that reduce pressure (simultaneous consumption of strawberry juice and taking drugs for hypertension can provoke the development of serious disorders in the kidneys).

Strawberries are an effective diuretic. Regular inclusion in the diet of the fruits of this plant helps to reduce the unpleasant symptoms of diseases of the urinary system.

Freshly squeezed strawberry juice is considered an effective and completely safe remedy for gallstone disease.

Useful compounds present in the pulp of berries slow down the aging of the body, improve the appearance of the skin, and prevent the appearance of early wrinkles. Regular consumption of strawberry juice helps to maintain an excellent memory until old age.

The cosmetic properties of strawberries are widely known. Masks prepared on the basis of these berries reduce the activity of sweat glands and narrow enlarged pores, helping to fight acne. With the help of freshly squeezed strawberry juice, you can effectively and quickly get rid of age spots on the skin and freckles. In folk medicine, the pulp of the berries is used to whiten teeth.

Strawberries are a potential allergen. That is why persons predisposed to the development of allergic reactions should be wary of including this product and dishes prepared on its basis in the diet. The appearance of any signs that allow one to suspect the development of an allergic reaction (unusual rash, runny nose, vomiting, excessive sweating, pain and discomfort in the abdomen, etc.) should be the basis for a complete rejection of the consumption of berries.

Eating strawberry dishes is a common cause of allergic reactions in newborns and infants. For this reason, nutritionists and pediatricians do not recommend the use of strawberry purees and juices as artificial food for children under the age of one.

Strawberries are contraindicated in persons who are forced to take medications for hypertension. In combination with drugs that lower blood pressure, these berries can adversely affect the functioning of the kidneys.

Small fruit seeds and organic acids present in their composition can irritate the gastrointestinal epithelium. For this reason, the use of this product should be abandoned to people suffering from gastritis, duodenal ulcers or stomach ulcers, gastroduodenitis.

It is noticed that strawberry juice enhances the manifestations of gouty pain syndrome. This drink is contraindicated for people suffering from joint diseases.

Strawberries have tonic properties and can lead to the development of uterine hypertonicity, as well as premature birth in pregnant women.

Strawberry pineapple is one of the most common food plants on Earth. Until the XNUMXth century, this species (as well as other cultivars) was not cultivated at all, due to the abundant growth of several types of wild strawberries in the country. Then they began to cultivate green strawberries, then called strawberries (because of the shape of the berries), as larger-fruited and more productive compared to wild strawberries, especially in those regions where they did not grow in the wild.

In the XVII-XVIII centuries, Muscat strawberries began to be introduced into the culture. Since by that time it had already become customary that strawberries were grown in gardens, when describing and systematizing the plant, strawberries were officially named in science not green strawberries, but nutmeg strawberries, which caused a little confusion in the Russian names of these berries.

Before that, a plant species that did not exist before, later called pineapple strawberries, appeared on Earth only in the second half of the XNUMXth century, having won its niche among cultivated plants in Europe, while its first varieties did not differ in frost resistance. He came to Russia only in the XNUMXth century, and massively in the XNUMXth century. Basically, the Victoria variety was one of the first to be introduced, as one of the most frost-resistant, bred in England and named after Queen Victoria (at present, it is practically not found and has been replaced by improved varieties bred later). As a larger-fruited, high-yielding plant, pineapple strawberries quite quickly replaced the previously cultivated strawberries (both nutmeg and green strawberries) from the crop. And it is in this regard that some mistakenly call strawberries pineapple strawberries, or Victoria.

For more than two centuries of its existence, pineapple (garden) strawberries have been bred in different countries for several thousand varieties, among which there are frost-resistant and non-frost-resistant varieties (grown only in countries with a warm climate), with different shapes, tastes, with different colors of berries (including white-fruited ones), with different colors of flowers. There are also hybrid varieties with nutmeg strawberries - the so-called zemkluniki.

More than 2000 varieties have been bred. As a result of selection, the mass of berries was increased (from 3-5 g to 50-75 g), in the Guinness Book of Records, a berry weighing 231,6 g was recorded (England, 1983). There are also varieties bred for decorative purposes, for example, with pink flowers.

Large-fruited strawberries (strawberries, garden strawberries, pineapple strawberries), Fragaria x ananassa. Recipes for use in traditional medicine and cosmetology

Ethnoscience:

• Cough treatment: wild strawberries can be used to treat coughs. To prepare the syrup, you need to grind 1 cup of fresh strawberries and add 1 cup of honey to it. Then the mixture must be heated over low heat until the honey melts. After that, the syrup should be left for several hours and taken 1 teaspoon several times a day.
• Improving digestion: strawberries can be used to improve digestion and reduce appetite. To prepare tea, you need to pour 1 tablespoon of fresh or dried strawberry leaves with 1 cup of boiling water and leave for 10-15 minutes. Then the tea should be filtered and drunk 2-3 times a day.
• Reduced Inflammation: Strawberries can be used to reduce inflammation and joint pain. To prepare sea buckthorn ointment, you need to grind 1 cup of fresh large-fruited strawberries and add 1 cup of sea buckthorn oil to it. Then the mixture must be heated over low heat for 30 minutes. After that, the ointment should be left for several hours, then strained and used to massage painful joints.
• Headache treatment: strawberry can be used to treat headaches. To prepare tea, you need to pour 1 tablespoon of fresh or dried strawberry leaves with 1 cup of boiling water and leave for 10-15 minutes. Then the tea should be filtered and drunk 1 cup several times a day until the headache goes away.

Cosmetology:

• Moisturizing face mask: to prepare a moisturizing mask, you need to chop a few fresh strawberries and add 1 tablespoon of olive oil and 1 tablespoon of honey to them. Then the mixture should be applied to the face and left for 10-15 minutes, then rinse with warm water.
• Body peeling: to prepare peeling, you need to chop a few fresh strawberries and add 1 tablespoon of honey and 1 tablespoon of oatmeal to them. Then the mixture should be applied to the body and massaged in a circular motion for several minutes, then rinse with warm water.
• Brightening Facial Toner: to prepare a clarifying tonic, you need to chop a few fresh strawberries and add 1 cup of boiling water to them. Then the mixture should be left for 10-15 minutes, then strain and use as a facial tonic.
• Strengthening hair mask: to prepare a firming mask, you need to chop a few fresh strawberries and add 1 tablespoon of burdock oil and 1 tablespoon of honey to them. Then the mixture should be applied to the hair and left for 30 minutes, then rinse with warm water and shampoo.
• Purifying face mask: to prepare a cleansing mask, you need to chop a few fresh strawberries and add 1 tablespoon of Greek yogurt and 1 tablespoon of honey to them. Then the mixture should be applied to the face and left for 15-20 minutes, then rinse with warm water.

Attention! Before use, consult with a specialist!

Large-fruited strawberries (strawberries, garden strawberries, pineapple strawberries), Fragaria x ananassa. Tips for growing, harvesting and storing

The large-fruited strawberry, or strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa) is a perennial plant from the rose family that grows in temperate climates.

Tips for growing, harvesting and storing large-fruited strawberries:

Cultivation:

• Strawberry prefers sunny places and light, well-drained soil.
• Plants can be grown both outdoors and in containers.
• Propagation of plants occurs through seeds, stem layering or cuttings.
• Choose a planting site that has sun all day or most of the day.
• The soil should be fertile, light and well-drained. It is recommended to add organic fertilizers to the soil before planting.
• Strawberries should be planted at a distance of about 30-40 cm from each other to provide enough space for the plants to grow and develop.
• It is recommended to water strawberries regularly, especially during fruit ripening.
• Large-fruited strawberries can be used to decorate the garden and as a useful food plant.

Workpiece:

• Large-fruited strawberries contain a large amount of vitamins and antioxidants, as well as useful trace elements.
• The berries should be picked when they are fully ripe, when they have a bright red color and a sweet aroma.
• Berries can be consumed fresh, and also used to make compotes, preserves, jams and other canned foods.

Storage:

• Fresh strawberries can be stored in the refrigerator for no more than 2-3 days.
• For long-term storage, the berries can be frozen or used for canning.

Large-fruited strawberry is a tasty and healthy plant that can be grown both in the garden and on the plot. However, before using large-fruited strawberries as a medicine, you need to consult a doctor.

We recommend interesting articles Section Cultivated and wild plants:

▪ Kupena pharmacy (kupena medicinal, kupena fragrant)

▪ Freesia

▪ Carambola (kamrak) and bilimbi

▪ Play the game "Guess the plant from the picture"

See other articles Section Cultivated and wild plants.

Read and write useful comments on this article.

<< Back

Latest news of science and technology, new electronics:

Energy from space for Starship 08.05.2024

Producing solar energy in space is becoming more feasible with the advent of new technologies and the development of space programs. The head of the startup Virtus Solis shared his vision of using SpaceX's Starship to create orbital power plants capable of powering the Earth. Startup Virtus Solis has unveiled an ambitious project to create orbital power plants using SpaceX's Starship. This idea could significantly change the field of solar energy production, making it more accessible and cheaper. The core of the startup's plan is to reduce the cost of launching satellites into space using Starship. This technological breakthrough is expected to make solar energy production in space more competitive with traditional energy sources. Virtual Solis plans to build large photovoltaic panels in orbit, using Starship to deliver the necessary equipment. However, one of the key challenges ... >>

New method for creating powerful batteries 08.05.2024

With the development of technology and the expanding use of electronics, the issue of creating efficient and safe energy sources is becoming increasingly urgent. Researchers at the University of Queensland have unveiled a new approach to creating high-power zinc-based batteries that could change the landscape of the energy industry. One of the main problems with traditional water-based rechargeable batteries was their low voltage, which limited their use in modern devices. But thanks to a new method developed by scientists, this drawback has been successfully overcome. As part of their research, scientists turned to a special organic compound - catechol. It turned out to be an important component that can improve battery stability and increase its efficiency. This approach has led to a significant increase in the voltage of zinc-ion batteries, making them more competitive. According to scientists, such batteries have several advantages. They have b ... >>

Alcohol content of warm beer 07.05.2024

Beer, as one of the most common alcoholic drinks, has its own unique taste, which can change depending on the temperature of consumption. A new study by an international team of scientists has found that beer temperature has a significant impact on the perception of alcoholic taste. The study, led by materials scientist Lei Jiang, found that at different temperatures, ethanol and water molecules form different types of clusters, which affects the perception of alcoholic taste. At low temperatures, more pyramid-like clusters form, which reduces the pungency of the "ethanol" taste and makes the drink taste less alcoholic. On the contrary, as the temperature increases, the clusters become more chain-like, resulting in a more pronounced alcoholic taste. This explains why the taste of some alcoholic drinks, such as baijiu, can change depending on temperature. The data obtained opens up new prospects for beverage manufacturers, ... >>

Random news from the Archive HDD TV from Sanyo 12.03.2006 Sanyo has prepared a 32-inch YTV LCD TV with a built-in 160GB hard drive. The HDD works in conjunction with a proprietary Freeview tuner that allows you to record video signals. Users can set up weekly video saving via the Electronic Program Guide schedule. The TV includes HDMI and component input interfaces. The model will go on sale in May and will be available in white and black versions. Optionally, a metal or glass stand can be purchased for the YTV. Note that Sanyo is serious about capturing the LCD TV market. She recently entered into an agreement with Quanta, which will allow both to establish a full-scale production of quality models.

Other interesting news:

▪ The influence of genes in the formation of aesthetic taste

▪ Created ultra-fast and super-efficient memory

▪ 360-degree video broadcast

▪ A foreign language can be learned in a dream

▪ DNA instead of a hard drive

News feed of science and technology, new electronics

Interesting materials of the Free Technical Library:

▪ section of the site Calls and audio simulators. Article selection

▪ article Lens and glasses. History of invention and production

▪ article Who tamed whom: a man a dog or a man's dog? Detailed answer

▪ article Occupational safety during road works

▪ article January-4. Idling regulator. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

▪ article Scheme, pinout (pinout) of Alcatel Easy db/Club db/MAX db cable. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

Leave your comment on this article:

All languages ​​of this page

Arabic	Hebrew	Polish
Bengali	Hindi	Portuguese
Chinese	Italian	Spanish
English	Japanese	Turkish
French	Korean	Ukrainian
German	Malay	Vietnamese

Home page | Library | Articles | Website map | Site Reviews

www.diagram.com.ua
2000-2024