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Norway spruce (European spruce, high spruce). Legends, myths, symbolism, description, cultivation, methods of application

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Content

1. Photos, basic scientific information, legends, myths, symbolism
2. Basic scientific information, legends, myths, symbolism
3. Botanical description, reference data, useful information, illustrations
4. Recipes for use in traditional medicine and cosmetology
5. Tips for growing, harvesting and storing

Norway spruce (European spruce, high spruce), Picea abies. Photos of the plant, basic scientific information, legends, myths, symbolism

Basic scientific information, legends, myths, symbolism

Sort by: Spruce (Picea)

Family: Pine (Pinaceae)

Origin: Europe Asia

Area: Norway spruce is found in Europe, from Scandinavia to the Carpathians, as well as in Siberia and the Caucasus.

Chemical composition: spruce contains essential oil, which is used in perfumery and in the manufacture of medicines. Also spruce contains vitamins C and PP, carotenes and mineral salts.

Economic value: Spruce wood is widely used in construction, furniture and paper production. Spruce is also used as a Christmas tree and ornamental plant. Some parts of spruce, such as young shoots and needles, have healing properties and are used in medicine.

Legends, myths, symbolism: In ancient German mythology, spruce was considered a sacred tree, symbolizing life and immortality. In some cultures, spruce is also associated with the god of lightning and thunder, for example, in Scandinavian mythology, it was considered the home of the thunder god Thor. In the Christian tradition, spruce also has a symbolic meaning. At Christmas, it is often used as a Christmas tree, on which decorations and gifts are hung. It is believed that this custom originated in Germany in the XNUMXth century, where spruce was a symbol of life and immortality, and then spread throughout the world. Spruce can be used as a symbol of life and immortality, as it retains its green foliage throughout the year and is associated with eternal life. It can also be used as a Christmas and holiday symbol, as it is traditionally decorated for Christmas and New Year in many cultures. In some cultures, spruce can be used as a symbol of resilience, resilience and strength, as it is a tall and strong tree. In general, Norway spruce can be used as a symbol of life, immortality, Christmas, holiday, resilience, resilience and strength.

Norway spruce (European spruce, high spruce), Picea abies. Description, illustrations of the plant

Spruce. Legends, myths, history

Picea means "resin" in Latin. Resin is obtained from soft spruce wood, which is probably the reason for the name of the tree itself.

In Greek mythology, the spruce is associated with the nymph Pitis and the forest deity Pan. Fleeing from the persecution of the hated goat Pan, the nymph turned into a spruce. In memory of his beloved, Pan decorated his horned head with spruce branches.

According to another version, Pitis was turned into a pine tree. A Christian legend tells of a poor woodcutter who, on the night before Christmas, met a lost child in the forest. He sheltered, warmed and fed the poor baby. The next morning, the boy disappeared, but at his door, the surprised woodcutter found a fragrant tree with shiny needles.

It turns out that on Christmas Eve, under the guise of a hungry child, the lumberjack was visited by the Infant Christ, who, in gratitude for his mercy, gave the good man a fir tree. Since then, spruces have become the main Christmas decoration.

Another legend associated with spruce tells of Saint Boniface, the reformer of the Christian church and the compiler of the first Latin grammar in England.

Once, in order to convert the pagans to Christianity, he cut down the Oak of Tor, sacred to them. The pagans gathered around the fallen tree were so struck by the ease with which their shrine fell that they all converted to Christianity.

On the site of the Sacred Oak, Saint Boniface planted a small Christmas tree as a symbol of the new faith.

Author: Martyanova L.M.

European spruce (high spruce), Picea excelsa. Botanical description of the plant, areas of growth and ecology, economic importance, applications

Family Pine, class Coniferous, department Gymnosperms.

Spruce is the most common coniferous forest plant. This is a tall, up to 40 m, tree with horizontally deflected branches.

The dense crown is conically elongated. Leaves in the form of tetrahedral short dark green needles are arranged singly. The needles are kept on the branches of spruce 5-7, sometimes up to 9 years.

Winged black-brown seeds ripen in oblong-elliptical cones 6-12 cm long. At the beginning of maturation, the cones are reddish, then they turn brown, shiny, facing down.

Spruce lives up to 300 years.

European spruce is one of the main forest-forming species of dark coniferous and mixed forests. In the forest, the spruce trunks are straight, the trees grow side by side, shading each other from the sides and, as it were, urging the neighbors to reach up. The trunks of such trees are used to build houses.

Spruce wood is an invaluable wealth, it is a building and ornamental material, shingles are made from it, baskets, baskets, sieves, paper, many chemicals and medicines are made. Tree seeds are food for squirrels.

Spruce forests must be preserved and protected. Air and soil pollution, high summer temperatures have a negative impact on spruce plantations. With strong gusts of wind, the spruce turns out of the soil along with the roots, it is called windfall rock.

Spruce is resistant to winter frosts. In the winter forest, especially on a sunny day, firs with their dark green crowns against the background of sparkling white snow are truly beautiful.

Authors: Kozlova T.A., Sivoglazov V.I.

Spruce. Interesting plant facts

Of course, everyone saw on the trunk of coniferous trees - pines and spruces - drops of fresh or hardened resin. This resin, similar in color to sulfur, is often referred to as "gray". They call resin and resin. And indeed the resin heals the wounds of the tree. From a hole in the bark made by insects, birds, animals or humans, resin flows out, sticking to it. Coniferous trees are therefore more durable than deciduous ones.

Brightly burning resin with a pungent odor attracted the attention of a primitive man sitting by the fire. Already the ancient Greeks, by heating the resin in a pot covered with felt on top, received turpentine and rosin. The turpentine evaporating when heated was retained by the felt, and solid rosin remained at the bottom of the pot.

Turpentine is widely used in medicine, in the production of printing inks and as a solvent for varnishes and paints. Stains on clothes, especially from oil paint, are easy to remove with purified turpentine.

The use of rosin for rubbing bows when playing the violin is well known.

Paper is glued with rosin: on paper without rosin, the ink blurs. There is no rosin in blotting paper. Rosin is an ingredient in soap. Rosin is used to make sealing wax, varnishes, and linoleum. Rosin is also used for the preparation of insulating materials in electrical engineering.

Pine oil is extracted from pine resin, which is of great importance in the smelting of non-ferrous metals.

One ton (thousand kilograms) of copper ore contains only ten to twenty kilograms of copper, the rest is limestone, clay, sand - the so-called "waste rock". Metals are wetted with oil, and "waste rock" with water. Everyone knows that oil and water do not mix. If the ore is crushed and mixed in water, and then pine oil is poured into the water, then the water, together with the "waste rock", will settle to the bottom, and the oil, together with grains of metal, will rise to the top. To speed up this process, the mixture is blown, which causes the oil to foam and rather rise up along with the metal.

Previously, to obtain one ton of copper, one had to smelt one hundred tons of ore; when using pine oil, only five tons of the so-called "enriched ore" are melted down.

Norway spruce: 1 - general view; 2 - branch with male cones; 3 - mature female cone; 4 - seed.

The resin contains a wonderful substance - creosote, which kills bacteria and prevents decay.

The resin is used to obtain lignofoly, "stone wood", plastics.

Various other products can also be isolated from wood if the wood is heated in a vessel without air access, diverting the gases and liquids released through the tubes to other vessels. Such heating of wood without access to air is called dry distillation of wood. Heated wood ignites in air and then all its constituent substances burn out.

During dry distillation, pines get coal, resin, from resin - rosin and turpentine. During the distillation of birch - coal, resin and liquid, from which acetic acid and wood or methyl alcohol (denatured alcohol), formalin are isolated. Tar is distilled from birch bark.

Even the ash left from burning firewood contains a valuable substance - potash, used in the manufacture of the highest grades of glass and liquid soap. In addition, ash is a potassium phosphorus fertilizer.

Recently, various solvents have been used in the extraction of various juices impregnating wood. Chopped wood is treated with gasoline and other chemicals that dissolve and release turpentine, rosin, and oil.

Author: Verzilin N.

Norway spruce (European spruce, high spruce), Picea abies. Recipes for use in traditional medicine and cosmetology

Ethnoscience:

• Tea for the treatment of colds: Pour 1 tablespoon of spruce needles with 1 cup of boiling water. Infuse for 15-20 minutes, then strain and add 1 tablespoon of honey. Take 1/2 cup 2-3 times daily to treat colds, flu, and other respiratory conditions.
• Infusion for the treatment of rheumatism: Pour 2 tablespoons of spruce needles with 2 cups of boiling water. Steep for 30 minutes, then strain and use to rub into sore joints for rheumatism and arthritis.
• Decoction for the treatment of skin diseases: pour 1 cup boiling water over 2 tablespoons of finely chopped spruce cones. Infuse for 20-30 minutes, then strain and use for buckthorn skin with eczema, psoriasis and other skin diseases.
• Bathing for the treatment of diseases of the musculoskeletal system: add 1-2 cups of spruce needles to a bath of warm water. Take a bath for 20-30 minutes to improve circulation and reduce joint pain.
• Syrup to strengthen the immune system: Pour 1 cup of boiling water over 1 cup of finely chopped spruce needles. Insist 4-5 hours, then strain and add 1 glass of honey. Take 1 tablespoon 3 times a day to strengthen immunity and prevent colds.

Cosmetology:

• Mask for the face: mix 2 tablespoons of grated spruce needles with 1 tablespoon of honey and 1 tablespoon of olive oil. Apply to face and leave on for 15-20 minutes, then rinse with warm water. The mask will help moisturize and nourish the skin, as well as reduce inflammation.
• Face tonic: Pour 2 tablespoons of spruce needles with 1 cup of boiling water. Steep for 10-15 minutes, then strain and add a few drops of lavender essential oil. Use as a facial toner to hydrate and soothe skin.
• Hand cream: Mix 2 tablespoons of spruce needles with 1/2 cup coconut oil and 1/4 cup beeswax. Melt the wax and oil in a water bath, then add the spruce needles and mix. Use to moisturize and protect your hands.
• Massage oil: add a few drops of spruce essential oil to a base oil (such as sweet almond oil or olive oil). Use for massage to improve circulation and reduce pain.
• Body Scrub: mix 1 cup sea salt with 1/2 cup grated spruce needles and 1/4 cup olive oil. Use as a body scrub to improve circulation and remove dead skin cells.

Attention! Before use, consult with a specialist!

Norway spruce (European spruce, high spruce), Picea abies. Tips for growing, harvesting and storing

Norway spruce, or European spruce, is one of the most common types of spruce. It is known for its longevity and is used as an ornamental plant as well as for timber.

Tips for growing, harvesting and storing Norway spruce:

Cultivation:

• Norway spruce prefers sunny or semi-shady places with good drainage system and nutritious soil.
• The plant needs regular watering, especially during dry periods.
• It is also necessary to regularly remove dead or damaged branches and carry out crown formation.
• Norway spruce can grow up to 30 meters tall, so make sure the plant has enough room to grow freely before planting.

Workpiece:

• Norway spruce needles are used to make tea and aromatic pouches.
• Pine needles should be harvested in spring or summer when they are still fresh and aromatic.
• It is necessary to remove dead needles and branches, and then dry the needles in the air or in the shade.

Storage:

• Dry needles and needles of Norway spruce can be stored in a dry and cool place in bags or glass jars with a tight-fitting lid.
• Storing Norway spruce as an ornamental plant requires careful handling and protection from temperature extremes and exposure to direct sunlight.
• If you are using a fir tree as a Christmas tree, then to prolong its freshness, you should water it daily and avoid installing it near heat sources.

Norway spruce is a beautiful and useful plant that can be used both decorative and functional. However, in order to enjoy its beauty and receive all the benefits, it is necessary to follow the rules of cultivation, harvesting and storage.

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