Providing first aid for solar heatstroke

FUNDAMENTALS OF FIRST AID
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Providing first aid for solar heatstroke

Fundamentals of First Aid (OPMP)

Heatstroke - a painful condition that occurs as a result of general overheating of the body with prolonged exposure to high ambient temperatures.

Heat stroke occurs because when overheating and excessive sweating, the body loses a large amount of fluid, the blood thickens, and the balance of salts in the body is disturbed. In severe conditions, this leads to oxygen starvation of tissues, in particular the brain.

Sunstroke occurs when direct sunlight hits an uncovered head. Usually, this causes overheating of the body and mainly affects the central nervous system.

The first signs of sunstroke:

1) lethargy;

2) weakness;

3) nausea;

4) headache;

5) dizziness;

6) darkening in the eyes;

7) the face turns red;

8) sometimes there is a slight increase in body temperature.

With further overheating, the body temperature rises to 38-40 ° C, vomiting appears, fainting may occur, and sometimes even convulsions. In severe cases, excitation, hallucinations, delirium, convulsions of the type of epileptic seizures, loss of consciousness, coma are observed. Pulse, respiration become more frequent, arterial pressure goes down.

Before the arrival of a doctor, the victim should be laid in the shade or in a well-ventilated area. Bubbles with ice or cold water are applied to the head, as well as to the area of large vessels (lateral surfaces of the neck, armpits, inguinal regions). The victim is wrapped in a wet sheet, blown with cold air, since the evaporation of water from it will slightly reduce the temperature. They bring cotton wool with ammonia to the nose. Thirst is quenched with cold water, tea, coffee. When breathing stops, artificial respiration is performed.

With moderate and severe sunstroke, the victim must be taken to a medical facility for medical assistance.

To avoid heat or sunstroke, you must follow the rules of being in the sun, the correct drinking regimen.

Authors: Alekseev V.S., Zhidkova O.I., Tkachenko N.V.

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