Scoliosis. Medical care for a child

FUNDAMENTALS OF FIRST AID
Free library / Directory / Fundamentals of First Aid

Scoliosis. Medical care for a child

Fundamentals of First Aid (OPMP)

Scoliosis is a curvature of the spine in the frontal plane. Scoliosis is considered right-sided if the axis of the spine is curved to the right, and left-sided if to the left. When the spine is curved along its entire length, then this is a total scoliosis, with a curvature of a part, it is partial or local.

In school-age children, this disease occupies one of the first places.

Scoliosis can be congenital, its presence is determined by the doctor immediately after the birth of the child. This type of disease is caused by congenital defects in the development of the vertebrae, most often in the thoracic spine. Congenital scoliosis often leads to disability.

Acquired scoliosis develops especially rapidly in those children, the growth of the bones of the skeleton overtakes the development of the muscular system, that is, who grow rapidly and do not engage in physical education at all. Basically, scoliosis develops at the age of 10-15 years, and girls are 4-5 times more likely than boys.

For an accurate diagnosis of the degree and form of deformity in scoliosis, it is necessary to contact a pediatric orthopedist. The doctor will prescribe physical therapy and other types of treatment.

Four degrees of the disease

1st degree: if the child is standing straight, then the deformation of the spine in one direction or another is almost imperceptible, it is clearly visible on the x-ray. This is a 10 degree deviation from a straight line. In the supine position, the deformation is not noticeable at all.

2st degree: deformation can be seen with the naked eye.

Stand the child straight, then ask him to bend forward. At the level of the thoracic spine, you can see the costal hump, that is, the deformity of the chest. On the radiograph, the angle of deviation is 25 degrees.

3st degree: in a standing position on the back, a large costal hump is already visible. With such scoliosis, children usually feel lethargic, get tired quickly, do not tolerate great physical exertion, have signs of respiratory failure, that is, they experience shortness of breath from effort. In addition, they are often prone to colds. Deflection angle 40 degrees.

4th degree: a strong hump that is visible even through clothing.

How to determine scoliosis in a child

1. Examine the child in a certain sequence. First examine the front, then the back, and only then the side.

2. View from the front. Normally, the head should not deviate to one side or the other. It is necessary that the shoulders are symmetrically at the same level. The chest should be convex, without protrusion either forward or backward, and the nipples should be at the same level.

3. View from behind. The head should be placed straight, shoulders and shoulder blades on the same level. With a lateral curvature, the shoulder and shoulder blade on the side of the curvature will be located above the level of the opposite side. If the shoulder girdle is lowered on the left, then right-sided scoliosis occurs, if vice versa - left-sided. The shoulder blade on the side of the lateral curvature of the spine does not fit very tightly to the chest and resembles a wing.

4. To detect the lateral curvature of the spine, with the second and third fingers of the right hand, run twice along the spinous processes of the spinal column from top to bottom. A red stripe forms on the skin, which will exactly repeat all the curvature of the spine. In thin children, the axis of the spine is clearly visible when the arms are laid out to the sides. Pay attention to the so-called waist triangles. These are triangular slit-like gaps located between the inner surface of the lowered arms and the torso and the top at waist level. Normally, waist triangles should be the same in shape and size. Symmetry violations are observed even with slight lateral curvature of the spinal column. Pay attention to the symmetry of the buttocks, folds on the legs in a standing position. They must be on the same level. 5. When viewed from the side, the curvature of the spinal column at different levels is clearly visible. The back can be round, flat, with a significant curvature in the lumbar region. Notice the shape of the belly. A very protruding abdomen is a sign of spinal deformity or weakness in the abdominal muscles.

How to prevent scoliosis

1. Provide the child with the correct mode of rest and physical activity: the load on the spine must be alternated with rest in a lying position.

2. Keep your child's posture correct. The bed should have a firm mattress, the pillow should be very low, although you can do without it. It is better to sleep on your back or on your stomach. The most convenient way for your child to carry any cargo will be a backpack.

3. Do not allow strong physical exertion during the most intensive growth of the child.

4. There are three most important periods of rapid growth of children: the first - from 6 months to 3 years, the second - from 6 to 9 years, the third - from the moment of puberty (12-14 years) until the completion of growth.

5. The best type of physical activity for curvature of the spine of any type is swimming.

Author: Basharova N.A.

We recommend interesting articles Section Fundamentals of First Aid:

▪ Influenza and acute respiratory viral diseases (ARI)

▪ Fractures and dislocations

▪ Gastric lavage

See other articles Section Fundamentals of First Aid.

Read and write useful comments on this article.

<< Back

Latest news of science and technology, new electronics:

Artificial leather for touch emulation 15.04.2024

In a modern technology world where distance is becoming increasingly commonplace, maintaining connection and a sense of closeness is important. Recent developments in artificial skin by German scientists from Saarland University represent a new era in virtual interactions. German researchers from Saarland University have developed ultra-thin films that can transmit the sensation of touch over a distance. This cutting-edge technology provides new opportunities for virtual communication, especially for those who find themselves far from their loved ones. The ultra-thin films developed by the researchers, just 50 micrometers thick, can be integrated into textiles and worn like a second skin. These films act as sensors that recognize tactile signals from mom or dad, and as actuators that transmit these movements to the baby. Parents' touch to the fabric activates sensors that react to pressure and deform the ultra-thin film. This ... >>

Petgugu Global cat litter 15.04.2024

Taking care of pets can often be a challenge, especially when it comes to keeping your home clean. A new interesting solution from the Petgugu Global startup has been presented, which will make life easier for cat owners and help them keep their home perfectly clean and tidy. Startup Petgugu Global has unveiled a unique cat toilet that can automatically flush feces, keeping your home clean and fresh. This innovative device is equipped with various smart sensors that monitor your pet's toilet activity and activate to automatically clean after use. The device connects to the sewer system and ensures efficient waste removal without the need for intervention from the owner. Additionally, the toilet has a large flushable storage capacity, making it ideal for multi-cat households. The Petgugu cat litter bowl is designed for use with water-soluble litters and offers a range of additional ... >>

The attractiveness of caring men 14.04.2024

The stereotype that women prefer "bad boys" has long been widespread. However, recent research conducted by British scientists from Monash University offers a new perspective on this issue. They looked at how women responded to men's emotional responsibility and willingness to help others. The study's findings could change our understanding of what makes men attractive to women. A study conducted by scientists from Monash University leads to new findings about men's attractiveness to women. In the experiment, women were shown photographs of men with brief stories about their behavior in various situations, including their reaction to an encounter with a homeless person. Some of the men ignored the homeless man, while others helped him, such as buying him food. A study found that men who showed empathy and kindness were more attractive to women compared to men who showed empathy and kindness. ... >>

Random news from the Archive

Fever machine - a cure for depression 11.08.2016

Dr. Charles Raison, a psychologist, has invented a new treatment for depression based on the so-called "fever machine". It turns out that temperature has a positive effect on patients with chronic depression.

Rayzon came up with the idea after he heard about an ancient Buddhist practice that supposedly allowed monks to raise their own body temperature at will and thereby achieve enlightenment. Rayzon decided to use for clinical experiments the ancient "fever machine", which was originally used by oncologists in the middle of the XNUMXth century. Then they wanted to use extreme heat to reduce the growth of tumors. The attempt failed, but it had a strange side effect. All patients each time after the session felt more calm and joyful.

Patients are placed under some kind of special tent, after which they are exposed to infrared light, which stimulates hyperthermia. The mood of patients after the procedure improves significantly, according to the doctor. He hopes to soon conduct another series of trials, this time combined with electrical stimulation, which will have an effect on serotonin levels better than any antidepressant.

Other interesting news:

▪ Revolutionary chip for one cent

▪ Pluto could have an ocean

▪ Ice cubes control drinking alcohol

▪ The film absorbs sweat and charges the gadget

▪ Proposed method of cooling the Earth

News feed of science and technology, new electronics

Interesting materials of the Free Technical Library:

▪ section of the site Grounding and grounding. Selection of articles

▪ article Toilet repair. Tips for the home master

▪ article Where do diamonds come from? Detailed answer

▪ European olive article. Legends, cultivation, methods of application

▪ article Ultrasound against rodents. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

▪ article The Mystery of the Dark Stripes. physical experiment

Leave your comment on this article:

All languages of this page

Home page | Library | Articles | Website map | Site Reviews